[Potentials of computed-tomography colonography with added investigations of the abdominal cavity and small pelvis in the diagnosis of diseases of the colon, assessment of dissemination of the pathological process].

The aim of the investigation was an assessment of potentials of computed-tomography colonography (CTC) in diagnosis of diseases of the colon. CTC was made in 125 patients. The investigation was performed after special preparation of the patients for purgation of the colon. The patient was in the supine and prone position. After introduction of room air in the colon the axial sections were laid from the diaphragm cupola to the pelvic floor. The obtained data were estimated and the reconstructions were fulfilled using special software. Pathological alterations or anatomical specific features of the colon were detected in 86 out of 125 cases (68.8%), in 26 of the cases (28.6%) a conclusion was made of malignant tumors in the colon according to the data of CTC. The data obtained by CTC were compared with the data of fibrocolonoscopy, rectomanoscopy, irrigoscopy and histological investigation. In most cases the coincidence of the findings was noted.

[Use of the method of transcanal endoscopic microsurgery in treatment of tumors of the rectum].

The method of transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) is in use now for treatment of benign tumors of the rectum, and in some cases for early forms of cancer of the same localization, equally with traditional surgical methods such as transanal and endoscopic dissection. Immediate and long-term results of treatment of three groups of patients operated on by the methods in question were compared to establish the effectiveness of the methods. It was shown that TEM was more precise, had less number of intra- and postoperative complications and considerably rarer recurrences.

[Use of preventive colostomas in surgery for rectal cancer].

The study included 482 patients with rectal cancer. Colostoma was formed in 179 for prophylaxis of anastomotic leakage complication. Such measures are indicated in sphincter-sparing surgery on rectum. Preference should be given to transversostomy.

[Lymphocytapheresis and lymphosorption as the methods of pathogenetic therapy of nonspecific ulcerative colitis]. / Limfotsitaferez i limfosorbtsiia--metod patogeneticheskoi terapii nespetsificheskogo iazvennogo kolita.

The article presents an analysis of results of treatment of 41 patients with different forms of nonspecific ulcer colitis, in 18 of them drainage of thoracic lymphatic duct was used with the following lymphocytapheresis with the help of a home blood fractionator RK-0.5, SKN activated charcoal sorbents and carbohydrate fiber absorbent, lymphosorption and lymph reinfusion. The method of treatment is highly effective for critical and mild forms of ulcer colitis in patients with total and subtotal injury of the large intestine. The results were followed up during 12-30 months and demonstrated stable remission of the disease.