[performance evaluation of the programs aimed at myocardial infraction prevention by relevant mortality rates].

BACKGROUND: Despite implemented measures and general favourable trend, number of patients with myocardial infarction remains high, younger people are increasingly becoming ill and dying. The study purpose: to estimate age-sex mortality dynamics from acute and recurrent myocardial infarction in adults in Moscow compared to Russia's average in 2007-2021 to reveal patterns of mortality change within the implementation period of state prevention programs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Standardized adult mortality rates for Moscow and Russia, mean expected age at death within interval 20-85 years and gain in life expectancy when eliminating this cause calculated and analyzed. RESULTS: Moscow morbidity rates for acute and recurrent myocardial infarction are twice lower than Russia's, there are higher reduction rates for both diseases - by 16% and 58% respectively. During study period, mortality from myocardial infarction in men was by 45% higher than in women. In 2007 Moscow male-female difference estimated 3% and in 15 years it became 32% due to faster female mortality reduction. Whereas Russia's average age of death from myocardial infarction in 2021 returned to 2010-2011 levels, then in Moscow during 2020-2021 female rates returned to 2008's and male rates fall out the study period. CONCLUSIONS: Since implementation of the first programs on reducing mortality from chronic non-infectious diseases during the 15 years period morbidity and mortality rates from myocardial infarction reduced in Russia and Moscow in all ages. Acute and recurrent myocardial infarction have rejuvenated both in men and women as a negative effect of the pandemic.

Use of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Aptamers for Visualization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Small RNA MTS1338 in Infected Macrophages.

The possibility to visualize small bacterial RNAs inside macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis was demonstrated for the first time. A macrophage cell line was infected with the M. tuberculosis strain expressing small noncoding mycobacterial RNA MTS1338 fused with an RNA aptamer, which could bind a fluorophore and trigger its fluorescence. As a result, treatment of the infected macrophages with the DFHBI-1T fluorophore allowed fluorescence-based detection of the aptamer-labeled MTS1338 both in mycobacteria and in the host cell cytoplasm. This system can significantly aid in revealing the role of small M. tuberculosis RNAs in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis through identification of their secretion routes and eukaryotic targets and elucidation of the associated molecular pathways.

Effects of an onion-olive oil maceration product containing essential ingredients of the Mediterranean diet on blood pressure and blood fluidity.

Twenty-four patients with arterial hypertension (WHO class I) received either 4 capsules of an onion-olive oil maceration product, containing essential ingredients of the Mediterranean diet, or placebo daily over a period of one week. In order to investigate the acute effect on arterial blood pressure, measurements were performed before and 5 h after the administration of the first dose of 4 capsules verum or placebo, respectively. For the evaluation of the long term effect further blood pressure measurements were performed after one week's treatment with a daily dose of 4 capsules. After a wash-out phase of 2 weeks followed by a crossover, the second study phase, which was identical in design, was carried out. In addition patients were instructed to measure their blood pressure 4 times daily at home for the whole study period. Haemorheological parameters (platelet aggregation, erythrocyte aggregation, plasma viscosity and haematocrit) were also determined at the measuring points mentioned above. The onion-olive oil maceration product led to a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure. There was also a trend towards a decrease in diastolic blood pressure. The improved blood fluidity observed resulted from a decrease in haematocrit. All effects could be shown immediately and after one week's administration.