Alfa2-adrenoblockers attenuate the elevated plasma cholesterol, anxiety levels and restore impaired spatial memory of rats under the chronic noise exposure.

Noise is considered one of the environmental hazards that negatively affect health. It can cause damage to the auditory, neurological, hormonal and cardiovascular systems, in addition to impairing psychological and cognitive functions. Considering the significance of vascular disturbances and oxidative stress in the development of the aforementioned negative effects, the purpose of our investigation was to study the level of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-Cl), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-Cl), and total cholesterol (TCl) in plasma, in addition to the behavioral characteristics of white rats, and the effects of the α2-adrenoblockers beditin and mesedin to reveal their antiatherogenic effect during noise exposure. The "Open field" and "Y-maze" tests were used in order to evaluate the behavioral states of the rats. Investigations were carried out on albino rats divided into 4 groups. The 1st group of rats served as a control. The 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups were exposed to 91 dBA of noise; the duration of exposure was 8 h per day for 60 days. The 3rd group was injected with beditin and the 4th group with mesedin, both intraperitoneally and repeatedly. According to our results, the chronic exposure to high-volume noise leads to the increase of plasma TCl and LDL-Cl concentrations and the decrease of HDL-Cl levels, resulting in increase of the atherogenic coefficient, which is estimated to be one of the main cardiovascular disease risk factors. The "Open field" and "Y-maze" tests revealed that chronic noise exposure caused disturbances in the behavioral activity, a noise duration-dependent delay in movement and orientation, increased anxiety and deficit in the animals' spatial memory. The administration of α2-adrenoblockers to the noise-exposed animals had a regulatoryeffects of varying intensities, depending on the medication used and the studied parameters under the conditions of chronic acoustic stress.

[Cytomorphometric study on the effect of smoking on tissues adjacent to dental implants]. / Vliianie kureniia na sostoianie tkanei, prilezhashchikh k dental'nym implantatam, po dannym tsitomorfometricheskogo issledovaniia.

The aim of the study was determination of the effectiveness of peri-implantation zone tissues control by means of cytomorphometry in cellular imprints obtained from the area of dental implantation on a model applying a comparison of the state of the tissues of the peri-implantation zone of smokers and non-smokers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cytomorphometry was used for tissue monitoring in implant-adjacent areas by the Index of Destruction (ID) and the Inflammatory-Destructive Index (IDI) in the group of smoking patients: 6 females and 9 males (41 implant) and in the group of non-smoking patients: 13 females and 14 males (97 implants). Follow-up terms in both groups from the moment of gingival former or provisional crown placement comprised 1, 5, 15, 25, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240, 720 days. Significant increase of ID within 25-120 days was revealed in smokers. The study of Inflammation-Distraction Indices revealed a statistically significant increase in the values in group of smokers at 5 to 60 days. The results of using of cytomorphometric method allow conclude that smoking is a pathogenic factor that exerts its influence through initiation and sustentation of an inflammatory process in the tissues adjacent to dental implants.

[The impact of octacalcium phosphate on the dynamics of bone matrix formation in experimental bone defects].

The aim of the study was to assess the interaction of of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) with bone matrix and cells and its impact on the process of bone generation. The survey was conducted on animal model: critical hipbone defect was created in 12 230-250 g Wister rats. The animals were then divided in two groups. In group 1 (6 animals) defect was left to heal under blood clot and in group 2 (6 animals) it was filled with OCP. Three animals with no defect served as a control group. It was showed significant (p<0.05) increase of the area of the newly formed bone tissue and its direct correlation with duration of observation.

[State and perspectives of studies on osteoplastic materials]. / Sovremennoe sostoianie i osnovnye napravleniia razvitiia issledovanii, posviashchennykh razrabotke osteoplasticheskikh materialov.

Article highlights the state and the main directions of researches on osteoplastic materials used for filling of bone defects, types of these materials, effects and mechanisms of their interaction with the recipient tissues, defines objectives and prospects for further researches on the issue.

[Dynamics of osteogenesis associated with inoculation of autologous stromal cells from rat adipose tissue (experimental-morphological study)].

Experiment was evaluated on 40 male Wistar rats. On the experimental model of mandible injury, bone autologous graft from tibia was placed on the surface of mandible (host bone). In the main experimental group, consisting of 20 animals, autologous rat adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) were inoculated in space between autograph and host bones. ADSCs were not inoculated in the group of comparison. In experimental group with inoculated cells, the formation of a new fibroreticular bone structures in space between autograph and host bone was observed. These structures further underwent secondary reorganization and differentiation during the process of remodeling. As a result of the conducted study it was shown that in the experimental group by the day 180, statistically significant reduction of the area occupied by an immature fibroreticular bone took place. The reported phenomenon could be explained as a result of decline of the number of active cells in the population of inoculated ADSC, which is in consent with theory of limited cell division number due to telomeres shortening, described by Hayflick L. and Moorhead P.S. (1961).

Clinical study of the efficiency of combined cell transplant on the basis of multipotent mesenchymal stromal adipose tissue cells in patients with pronounced deficit of the maxillary and mandibulary bone tissue.

The use of synthetic osteoplastic materials not always provides the required amount of the bone tissue. Transplantation of tissue-engineering constructs containing osteogenic precursor cells can be an alternative high-technology implantation method. Here we present the results of a pilot clinical study demonstrating safety of this method, accelerated healing of the operation wound, formation of young bone tissue after transplantation, and the possibility of mounting implants after 3 months in case of sufficient amount of the bone for primary fixation.