RESUMO
Bipolar electrodes were inserted into the conus medullaris and attached to the proximal urethra of paraplegic dogs. Repeated stimulus trains were delivered to the spinal cord electrodes and the urethral electrodes in an attempt to improve voiding induced by cord stimulation. The results indicate that the increased outflow resistance which often accompanies electromicturition can be significantly overcome both by repeated spinal cord stimulation and by prestimulation of the proximal urethra.
Assuntos
Paraplegia/fisiopatologia , Medula Espinal/fisiopatologia , Micção , Animais , Cães , Estimulação Elétrica , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica , Feminino , Masculino , Músculos/fisiopatologia , Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/fisiopatologia , Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/terapiaRESUMO
An increased incidence of calculus formation has been discovered in various forms of urinary diversion. The etiologic factors involved are discussed and a hypothesis is advanced as an explanation. Preventive therapy for calculus formation and surgical removal of existing calculi are reviewed.
Assuntos
Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Cálculos Urinários/etiologia , Derivação Urinária , Humanos , Cálculos Urinários/prevenção & controle , Cálculos Urinários/cirurgia , Derivação Urinária/efeitos adversos , Sistema Urinário/cirurgiaRESUMO
Ten patients have received bladder stimulators in a clinical trial to reduce urologic complications of neuropathic bladders. Preoperative evaluation and surgical techniques are discussed. Several patients void with the stimulator, and maintain low residual urine and a reduced incidence of infection. Two patients are total failures and 1 is in the early postoperative period. The physiological mechanisms involved are discussed. Additional investigation is needed for a means to deliver the stimulus to a more precise localization. Further clinical trials are warranted.
Assuntos
Fontes de Energia Bioelétrica , Estimulação Elétrica/métodos , Paraplegia/complicações , Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/reabilitação , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Cateterismo Urinário/efeitos adversos , Infecções Urinárias/prevenção & controleRESUMO
Three new cases are utilized to illustrate the anatomy, embryology, and symptomatology of blind-ending branches of bifid ureters. Diagnosis can usually be made by intravenous pyelogram. The complications are recurrent urinary tract infections, calculi, and hydroureteronephrosis. Selection of management by observation, resection, nephroureterectomy, or ureterolithotomy is discussed. The specific techniqie for simple resection is stressed.
