The first glimpse of a complex of nitrogenase component proteins by solution X-ray scattering: conformation of the electron transfer transition state complex of Klebsiella pneumoniae nitrogenase.

An essential feature of the mechanism of nitrogenase, the enzyme responsible for biological nitrogen fixation, is the formation of a transient electron transfer complex between the MoFe protein containing the active site at which N2 is reduced, and the Fe protein, which functions as a specific electron donor to the MoFe protein. We have obtained high quality solution X-ray scattering data using synchrotron X-rays of a stable putative electron transfer complex, (MoFe-protein)(Fe-protein.ADP.AIF4)2, of Klebsiella pneumoniae and used the model-independent approach based on the multipole expansion method to provide a stable and unique shape restoration at approximately 15 A resolution. The biological significance of this first molecular structure of a nitrogenase complex is discussed.

Compact, pulsed low-pressure far infrared laser for use in plasma diagnostics.

The operation of a pulsed, watt-level, low-pressure far infrared (FIR) laser is described. Single mode output powers of 0.1-1 W are obtained from several molecular gases in the 300-1200 microm region. Plasma diagnostic applications are discussed.