Prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated factors in sedentary occupational population from Shanghai: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, but its prevalence and determinants among sedentary occupational population are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors for dyslipidemia among a sedentary occupational population in Shanghai, China. METHODS: We collected data from 35,950 sedentary occupational workers on their demographics, social, medical, and family history, lifestyle, anthropometry, and biochemistry. We used the 2016 Chinese guideline for the management of dyslipidemia in adults to define dyslipidemia and its subtypes. We performed multivariate logistic regression to examine the factors associated with dyslipidemia. RESULTS: The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 29.10%, with 15.86% for high triglycerides (TG), 6.43% for high total cholesterol (TC), 5.37% for high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and 14.68% for low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Men had a significantly higher prevalence of dyslipidemia than women (39.64% vs. 12.43%, P < 0.01). Factors associated with dyslipidemia included older age, being married, longer sedentary time while resting, frequent intake of animal viscera, current smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Current drinking was associated with a 1.24 times higher prevalence of high TG (P < 0.01). Current smokers were less likely to have low HDL-C than non-smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Our present study, in a population of 35,950 sedentary occupational workers from Shanghai, demonstrated a prevalence of dyslipidemia, but lower than in other previous studies without the limitation of occupational characteristics. Prevention and control measures for dyslipidemia should take into account the characteristics and related factors for this population group.

Sex-Specific Contribution of Cardiometabolic Index in Predicting Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: Insights from a General Population.

Background and Objective: Evidence suggests that cardiometabolic index (CMI) has been identified as a novel obesity-related index associated with diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Current evidence suggests that the differences in sex hormones and regional fat distribution in both sexes are directly correlated with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) risk. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of CMI in MAFLD in both sexes. Methods: This retrospective study included 6107 subjects who underwent annual health check-ups from March 2021 to January 2022. CMI was calculated by multiplying the ratio of triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) by waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Multivariable logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline were used to investigate the association of CMI and MAFLD risk. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted for the exploration of the diagnostic accuracies of obesity-related indicators. Areas under the curves (AUCs) with 95% CIs were calculated. Results: Prevalence of MAFLD increased with elevated quartiles of CMI in both sexes. The median (IQR) age was 46.00 (18.00) years. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that higher CMI was independently associated with MAFLD, in which every additional standard deviation (SD) of CMI increased the risk of MAFLD (OR=2.72, 95% CI:2.35-3.15 for males; OR=3.26, 95% CI:2.36-4.51 for females). Subjects in the fourth quartile of CMI had the highest odds of MAFLD for males (OR=15.82, 95% CI:11.84-21.14) and females (OR=22.60, 95% CI:9.52-53.65)(all P for trend<0.001). Besides, CMI had a non-linearity association with MAFLD (all P for non-linearity<0.001). Furthermore, CMI exhibited the largest AUC compared to other obesity-related indexes in terms of discriminating MAFLD in males (AUC=0.796, 95% CI:0.782-0.810) and females (AUC=0.853, 95% CI:0.834-0.872). Conclusion: CMI was a convenient indicator for the screening of MAFLD among Chinese adults. Females with high CMI had a better diagnostic value for MAFLD than males.

[Design and Implementation of the Glasses-free Three Dimensional Laparoscopy System].

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has the advantages of small trauma, quick recovery and lower risk of the surgery. Compared with the traditional two-dimension laparoscopic technique, three-dimension laparoscopic system uses the double beam imaging system as well as the three-dimensional imaging display device so as to compensate for the lack of depth information in two-dimension laparoscopic imaging technique, reduce the surgeon's difficulty in using surgical instruments and enhance the accuracy of the surgery. For those reasons, the author designed a glassesfree three dimensional wide-field electronic laparoscopic system, which consists of dual CMOS camera module, image processing module and glasses-free display module that can offer depth information. The active shape model is applied to eye tracking, for the purpose of getting the wide-field to help doctor obtain 3D display in more places. Primary experimental results of the simulation using the system show that operators with the aid of proposed system spend less time finishing the task than those using traditional system without depth perception during operation.

[Design and Implementation of Image Interpolation and Color Correction for Ultra-thin Electronic Endoscope on FPGA].

This paper proposed an image interpolation algorithm based on bilinear interpolation and a color correction algorithm based on polynomial regression on FPGA, which focused on the limited number of imaging pixels and color distortion of the ultra-thin electronic endoscope. Simulation experiment results showed that the proposed algorithm realized the real-time display of 1280 x 720@60Hz HD video, and using the X-rite color checker as standard colors, the average color difference was reduced about 30% comparing with that before color correction.