RESUMO
To conduct outbreak identification and transmission factor analysis of typhoid epidemic occurred in Xinqiao town, Jiangyin city from June to September 2016. A total of 14 strains of Salmonella typhi isolated from confirmed cases were collected, and 65 external environment samples and 13 food samples related to the outbreak were taken. Real-time PCR was used to detect specific gene of Salmonella typhi in the samples. Conventional method was used to isolate strains. The strains isolated from both the samples and patients in the epidemic were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing and PFGE molecular characteristics. Salmonella typhi strain was isolated from one external sample (well water of a deli processing plant). The results of drug susceptibility showed that 15 strains were resistant to nalidixic acid. A total of 15 strains of Salmonella typhi were divided into 2 molecular patterns by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. The fingerprints of PFGE from the 13 patients and the environmental isolate were completely consistent, and there was one band difference from the other patient isolate. Combined with the epidemiological investigation and laboratory test results, it was determined that the outbreak was caused by genetic clone of the same Salmonella typhi. Food processing plant should be one of the key links.
Assuntos
DNA Bacteriano/genética , Surtos de Doenças , Epidemias , Salmonella enterica/genética , Salmonella typhi/genética , Febre Tifoide/epidemiologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , China/epidemiologia , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Salmonella enterica/efeitos dos fármacos , Salmonella enterica/isolamento & purificação , Salmonella typhi/classificação , Salmonella typhi/efeitos dos fármacos , Salmonella typhi/isolamento & purificação , Febre Tifoide/diagnóstico , Febre Tifoide/tratamento farmacológico , Febre Tifoide/microbiologiaRESUMO
The 2016 American Thyroid Association guidelines for diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis has been officially published in October of 2016, five years after the publication of the previous version. Revised contents in the new guideline are summarized in this review.
Assuntos
Hipertireoidismo , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Tireotoxicose , Humanos , Hipertireoidismo/diagnóstico , Hipertireoidismo/etiologia , Hipertireoidismo/terapia , Tireotoxicose/diagnóstico , Tireotoxicose/etiologia , Tireotoxicose/terapia , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Pb3 (po4)2-precipitation was used to study the ATPase activities both in fertile and sterile anthers of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Marxie). At big-vacuole pollen stage, tapetum of the fertile anthers showed high ATPase activity in their nuclei. In fertile pollen, ATPase was localized on the outside surface of the exine and in the nucleus both at big-vacuole and at bi-nucleate pollen stage. At late bi-nucleate pollen stage, a large amount of Pb3 (PO4)2 precipitated in endintine of the fertile pollen. In sterile anthers, tapetum was fully degenerated at big-vacuole pollen stage. In sterile pollen, ATPase was localized both on the plasmamembrane and in intine. These phenomena lasted to the bi-nucleate pollen stage. In addition, most of the sterile pollen did not show well-developed endintine. Based on the above results, we suggested that abortive tapetum could not provide enough nutrition for pollen development, and the high ATPase activity both on plasma membrane and in intine would likely result in ATP shortage in sterile anthers.
Assuntos
Adenosina Trifosfatases/metabolismo , Oryza/enzimologia , Fertilidade , Oryza/ultraestrutura , Pólen/enzimologiaRESUMO
A CMS line specific mtDNA band TA1 was isolated by comparing the mtDNAs of CMS line and maintainer line using AFLP technique. The Northern blot analysis of the TA1 mtDNA fragment show that it transcripts only one RNA molecular each in CMS line, maintain line and the first filial generation, but the RNA moleculars are different among each other. By sequencing, the fragment is found to be 202 base pairs in length. It contains code ATG, ATT, AGA and AGG, two small repeated sequences 5'TGTAC3' and 5'ATTATTTT3' and one small inverted-repeated sequence 5'GGGAAACA3'. The results imply that the mtDNA fragment may be a coding region and may be relative to CMS of Hong Lian type rice.