[Effect of ginsenosides on serous metabonomic profiles in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats based on ~1H-NMR].

Serum metabonomic profiles of the model of focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion is established with the suture-occluded method by Longa to study the effect of ginsenosides. In this study, 48 rats were randomly divided into six groups: sham-operated group, pathological model group, positive drug group(6 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) and high, medium, low-dose ginsenosides groups(200, 100, 50 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)). They are given intragastric administration respectively with same amount of 0.5% CMC-Na,nimodipine and ginsenoside for 5 days. At 2 h after the final administration, the model was established with the suture-occluded method, and free radical-scavenging activity changes of ginsenoside were observed by maillard reaction, and Longa was possible used as a renoprotective agent-occluded method. At the end of 24 h after the reperfusion, the hemolymph of rats in each group was collected, and the ~1H-NMR spectrum was collected after being treated by certain methods, and analyzed by principal component analysis(PCA). Compared with sham-operated group, pathological model group showed significant increases in the levels of lactate, glutamate, taurine, choline, glucose and methionine, but decreases in the levels of 3-hydroxybutyrate and phosphocreatine/creatine in serum. After treatment with ginsenosides, lipid, 3-hydroxybutyrate and phosphocreatine/creatine were increased in the serum of ginsenosides group rats, but with decreases in lactate and glutamate. The results showed that ginsenosides could regulate metabolic disorders in rats with focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion, and promote a recovery in the process of metabolism. It's helpful to promote the metabolic changes in rats with focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion via ~1H-NMR, and lay a foundation to develop ginsenosides as a new drug to treat ischemic cerebral paralysis.

[Simulation and Prediction of Material Foundation of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma for Ischemic Stroke Based on Molecular Docking Technology].

OBJECTIVE: To apply molecular docking technology for virtual screening of active molecules of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, and to explore the effective substances. METHODS: 21 key targets proteins related with cerebral ischemia with 52 compounds of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma based on molecular docking technology were combined to select active small molecules. Meanwhile, multi-component protein target network was established by software Cytoscape 2. 8. 1. RESULTS: It was identified that 23 of those compounds had strong interactions with no less than 10 targets by virtual screening of molecular docking. CONCLUSION: The method of virtual screening based on molecular docking can be used to find the active components of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma in treatment of cerebral ischemia. It provides the reference for research on multi-targets of Chinese medicine compound.

[Simultaneous Determination of Five Active Components in Puerariae Lobatae Radix from Different Habitats by UHPLC].

OBJECTIVE: To develop a UHPLC method for determination of 3'-hydroxy puerarin,puerarin, 3'-methoxy puerarin, daid- zin, and daidzein in Puerariae Lobatae Radix from different habitats. METHODS: The analysis was carried out on an Agela Venusil MP C18 (100 mm x 2. 1 mm, 3 µm) column. The mobile phase was composed of 0. 1% formic acid and methanol with gradient elution. The de- tection wavelength was set at 250 nm. RESULTS: The standard curves of five components showed a good linearity in 12. 41 ~ 248. 24 ng(r =0. 9999), 58. 82 ~ 1 176. 47 ng(r =0. 9997), 12. 65 ~252. 94 ng(r=0. 9999), 12.14 ~ 242.82 ng(r=0. 9998), and 1. 82 ~ 36.30 ng(r =0. 9997), respectively. The average recoveries were 99. 03% ~ 100. 32%, and RSD values were 0. 26% ~ 1. 37%. CONCLUSION: This method is simple, quick,reproducible and can be used to control the quality of Puerariae Lobatae Radix.

¹H NMR-based metabonomic analysis of the effect of optimized rhubarb aglycone on the plasma and urine metabolic fingerprints of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The ischemia cerebrovascular disease is one of leading causes of death and long-term disability in modern society. Rhubarb is one of the common traditional Chinese medicine with many effects, and the main pharmacodynamic ingredients are aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion. The five components are also known as rhubarb aglycone. Rhubarb aglycone has been confirmed to play a remarkable curative effect on cerebral ischemia, but the mechanism is not clear. In this study, (1)H NMR-based metabonomics approach has been used to investigate the protective effect of the optimized rhubarb aglycone on rats of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sham operation group, model group, Nimodipine group and the optimized rhubarb aglycone group. Based on (1)H-NMR spectra of plasma and urine, principal component analyses were performed to identify different metabolic markers and explore the changes of associated biochemical pathways. Behavior research and brain histopathology examinations were also performed. RESULTS: It was showed that the optimized rhubarb aglycone treatment improved neurological deficits, cerebral infarction and neuronal apoptosis. Principal component analysis scores plots demonstrated that the cluster of model rats was separated from those of sham operation group; rats of the optimized rhubarb aglycone group were classified from model group, but the optimized rhubarb aglycone group closed to the sham operation group. Optimized rhubarb aglycone regulated the associated amino acid, energy and lipid metabolisms disturbed in model rats. CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that the optimized rhubarb aglycone had protective effect on rats of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and explored the metabolic regulation mechanism. This work showed that the NMR-based metabonomics approach might be a promising approach to study mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicines.