Intra-urban differentials in death rates from homicide in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, 1988-1994.

The objective of this research was to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic statistics and homicide mortality rates in the city of São Paulo between 1988 and 1994. City districts were grouped into five geographic areas. A socioeconomic indicator (ISE) was constructed with census information combining average income of the family head, illiteracy rate for the population over 5 yr of age, average number of rooms and number of persons per household. The higher the score, the better the socioeconomic situation (possible values: 4 to 384). Deaths from homicide were grouped by residential areas, and the rates for these areas were calculated. The association between homicide rates and the socioeconomic situation was analyzed with Spearman correlation coefficients. Average ISE scores varied from 291 in the Central area (homicide rate = 27.96 deaths per 100000) to 119.9 in the East area (homicide rate = 40.38). The Spearman coefficient between ISEs and homicide rates was -0.98 (p < 0.05). Due to the heterogeneity inside the areas, the median ISE is a better indicator of the socioeconomic conditions yielding an rs = -1.0. Almost half the population resides in areas with the highest risk of homicide mortality (East and South). Taking the Central area as a reference, we found risks of 1.36 in the Western, 1.37 in the Northern, 1.44 in the Eastern and 2.67 in the Southern areas.

Leite humano - estudo das imunoglobulinas no colostro de maes de prematuros e de maes de criancas a termo. / Human milk - study of immunoglobulins in the colostrum of mothers of premature and full term infants

A composicao proteica e imunologica do colostro humano foi analisada em termos comparativos entre as maes de recem-nascidos prematuros e recem-nascidos a termo. Nenhuma diferenca estatisticamente significativa foi encontrada em termos de imunoglobulinas e proteinas

[Prognostic-evolutive evaluation of patients in coma based on ocular reflexes]. / Avaliação prognóstico-evolutiva dos doentes em coma mediante os reflexos oculares.

The ocular reflexes (ciliospinal, photomotor, oculocephalic, vestibulo-ocular, corneal) were studied in 84 comatose patients. The scope of the investigation was the assessment of each reflex in terms of its resistance according to the degree of depth of the coma. From the statistical viewpoint it was possible to emphasize the photomotor, corneal and vestibulo-ocular as the most resistant ones. The periodic evaluation in short time intervals of these five reflexes, observing their extinction or their re-appearance, permits a better prognostic assessment in a longitudinal viewpoint of the comatose patient.