Spontaneous gastric perforation in a newborn: About a case.

Spontaneous neonatal gastric perforation is rare. We report a case of a newborn from a pregnancy and birth with no complications, who presented on day 5 of life with sudden severe abdominal distension, and subsequently bilious vomiting. The radiography of the abdomen without preparation showed a massive pneumoperitoneum. The CT scan showed a pneumoperitoneum more accentuated at the supra-mesocolic level with a defect in the anterior wall of the stomach. The laparotomy found a perforation in the anterior gastric wall, which was sutured in one plane. The postoperative course was simple. The evolution of spontaneous gastric perforations in newborns is usually favorable. The key to avoiding complications is obviously to make a good diagnosis and perform the correct surgical treatment as soon as possible.

Magnetic resonance imaging of non-pueperal total uterine inversion due to a leiomyoma.

We report a case of a 43-year-old woman admitted to the emergency's department for an externalized mass through the vulva. The exploration by magnetic resonance imaging shows complete uterine inversion caused by a giant leiomyoma. Non-puerperal uterine inversion is a rare condition that is usually difficult to diagnose clinically. The role of imaging, specifically magnetic resonance imaging, is essential for the diagnosis, to establish the classification and to adapt the management.

Endoluminal Leiomyoma of the Gastric Antrum: a Report of a Rare Case.

Endoluminal gastric leiomyoma (GL) of the antrum is a rare benign tumor. In this paper, we report a case of a 72-year-old patient that presented for a 1-month episode of epigastric pain. Imaging found a well-limited tumor in the antrum with extrinsic compression on ulcerated congestive mucosa. A surgical resection based on Finsterer's antrectomy with end-to-side trans-mesocolic gastro-jejunal anastomosis was performed. The histopathological examination in combination with immunohistochemistry diagnosed GL and found a diffuse and marked staining of smooth muscle actin (SMA) and h-caldesmon (h-CD) and negative expression of CD117 and DOG1. The patient was discharged without post-surgical complications and is still alive at the time of this case report writing.

Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma: A case report.

Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma is a rare tumor mainly affecting young people, of poor prognosis with very high mortality rates especially in metastatic forms. It can affect different locations, without specific clinical signs, which delays the diagnosis. Imaging plays an important role for diagnosis, staging, preoperative assessment and surveillance. The diagnosis should be set early to a better management. We report a case of a 30-year-old man with a large extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma of the left thigh. The patient was initially treated with chemotherapy. Unfortunately, the tumor has increased in size making surgery impossible. The patient ultimately died of pulmonary metastases.

Giant aneurysmal bone cyst of the scapula: A case report.

Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign bone tumor affecting mainly children and young adults. It occurs in the metaphysis of the long bones. The scapula is a very rare location. Imaging may be highly suggestive of ABC in cases of an osteolytic, expansive, and hemorrhagic lesion with fluid-fluid levels and thin septa. The diagnosis must systematically be confirmed by performing a biopsy, in order to adopt the best therapeutic strategy. There are several therapeutic means, but wide resection remains the gold standard. The evolution is very variable and can go from spontaneous healing to recurrence with the destruction of the bone. We report a rare case of aneurysmal bone cyst of the scapula in a young patient.

Reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES): Two patients as study cases.

Reversible splenial injury syndrome (RESLES) is a rare clinicoradiological entity that defines a reversible lesion in the splenium of the callosum in magnetic resonance imaging. RESLES may be of infectious iatrogenic or metabolic origin. We report 2 cases of drug induced RESLES in our training. The presence of an isolated lesion of the corpus callosum in a context of polymedication by psychotropic drugs and the regression in less than 4 weeks suggests a toxic origin, in particular medicinal. The pathophysiology of these reversibles lesions of the splenium of callosum is not very clear, most often it is a phenomenon of vasogenic edema that is evoked, the clinical symptoms are very varied and nonspecific, and the prognosis is generally good in the absence of underlying disorder.

Fatal outcome of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in a lupus nephropathy patient: A case report.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a rare underestimated condition, that generally complicates a rise in blood pressure in an acute setting. This entity has been increasingly identified in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus disease. PRES is challenging to diagnose seeing as it presents with nonspecific neurological symptoms, such as head-aches, confusion, seizures, visual changes or a coma, and can mimic neuropsychiatric lupus. Imaging plays a necessary role in confirming this diagnosis, as it is characterized by vasogenic edema of the posterior white matter, in which the distribution is bilateral and symmetrical. Although this syndrome is rare, early diagnosis allows a prompt treatment and therefore a favorable outcome. We present a case report of PRES in a 14-year-old female previously diagnosed with lupus nephropathy, who presented to the emergency department with seizures and uncontrolled hypertension, that was unfortunately not reversible is this patient.

Cervical myelopathy involving os odontoideum with retro-odontoid cyst and atlanto-axial instability: A case report.

Os odontoideum is an unusual anatomic variant of the dens of C2 defined as an independent ossicle separated from the axis; the etiology is a topic of debate, with investigative studies supporting congenital and traumatic origins, clinical manifestations vary from asymptomatic forms, underlying C1-C2 instability to compression of the spinal cord or vertebrobasilar ischemia. We report a case of a patient with a history of minor trauma 5 years ago, she suffered from neck pain. The clinical examination was normal. Radiological examination including X-ray, CT, and MRI showed cervical myelopathy involving os odontoideum with C1-C2 instability and compressive retro-odontoid cyst. Imaging has an important role in the management of os odontoideum, from diagnosis to therapy.

Presacral ganglioneuroma in an 8-year-old child: case report, and literature review.

Ganglioneuromas are benign tumors of the sympathetic nervous system, rarely found in the presacral region. In this study, we report the case of presacral ganglioneuroma in an 8-year-old girl, who complained of abdominal pain with diarrhea and abdominal distension. Ultrasound showed a large hypoechoic pelvic mass complicated by right ureter hydronephrosis. the CT and MRI confirm the presence of a presacral tissue mass with heterogeneous enhancement after contrast injection. The child underwent a complete surgical resection, and the anatomopathological study returned in favor of a ganglioneuroma. The presacral ganglioneuroma is an extremely rare tumor in that only twenty cases have been reported in the literature. 3 of which were less than 8-years-old. Through our case, we will review the epidemiological, clinical, radiological and therapeutic characteristics of this type of tumor.

Diaphragmatic hernia a rare cause of acute pancreatitis: Case report.

Many complications are known to occur in association with a diaphragmatic hernia. Acute pancreatitis occurring in this situation is very rare. In this paper, we report a case and describe the radiographic features of this complication. We report an unusual case of acute pancreatitis complicating a neglected post-traumatic diaphragmatic hernia in a 30-year-old male. This patient had a history of an abdominal trauma 5 years ago, and arrived at the emergency room with epigastria and left chest pain and vomiting. Serum lipase was elevated. Acute pancreatitis could be considered as an exceptional complication of diaphragmatic hernia. It is a serious diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The fundamental roles of CT are to determine the diaphragmatic defect, the abdominal content involving, the Balthazar scoring of pancreatitis, and the presence of local complications. Even if a conservative approach is preferred when facing a diagnosis of pancreatitis, timing of surgery should be carefully considered.