[Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency on healthy infants receiving standard supplementation]. / Deficiencia e insuficiencia de vitamina D en lactantes sanos recibiendo suplementación estándar.

Vitamin D (VD) is essential for calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Its deficiency can cause rickets. In Chile, newborns receive 400UI/day supplementation from the first day of age until the first year. OBJECTIVE: To describe the VD plasma levels in healthy infants who received supplementation and secondarily to correlate this with seasonality and nutritional status. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Cross sectional study. Infants on exclusive or mixed breastfeeding, with monthly pediatric checkups recei ving 400 UI VD supplementation were evaluated, measuring VD plasma levels at 6 months of age, weight, and length, and their nutritional status was classified according to the WHO growth referen ces (weight/age and weight/length). The VD cut-off concentration values were < 20 ng/ml, 21- 29 ng/ ml, and ≥ 30 ng/ml considered as deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency, respectively. RESULTS: 40 infants were studied, 40% had insufficient levels and 40% presented deficiency. Season and nutritio nal status were variables significantly related to lower VD values (Winter-Spring p = 0.007; at risk of malnutrition p = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS: The population who received supplementation presented a high frequency of VD deficiency and insufficiency which increases during winter and spring and in subjects at risk of malnutrition.

Arteria umbilical única: revisión de 12 casos / Single umbilical artery: review of 12 cases

El cordón umbilical normalmente está formado por tres vasos, dos de arterias y una vena. La ausencia congénita de una arteria umbilical oarteria umbilical única (AUU) se ha relacionado con una serie de eventos perinatales desfavorables, tales como recién nacidos de bajo peso, prematuridad, malformaciones fetales y muerte perinatal. Se revisan retrospectivamente 12 casos de AUU con comprobación histológica y se analizan las principales características tanto maternas como perinatales. Se encontró un 58% de prematuridad, un 66% de bajo peso de nacimiento y una letalidad perinatal de 580/1000 RN (cuatro mortinatos y tres mortineonatos). En cinco casos se encontró asociación con malformaciones mayores (42%). Se preconiza una búsqueda dirigida de esta anomalía vascular en el momento del parto, debido a que es un importante índice para detectar malformaciones congénitas asociadas