The value of urinary exosomal microRNA-21 in the early diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer (BC) poses high morbidity and mortality, with urinary exosomal microRNA (miR)-21 showing potential value in its diagnosis and prognosis, and we probed its specific role. We prospectively selected 116 BC patients and 116 healthy volunteers as the BC and control groups, respectively. BC urinary exosomal miR-146a-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-663b, miR-21, and miR-4454 relative expression levels were assessed. The correlations between clinical indexes and urinary exosomal miR-21, prognostic value of miR-21, and diagnostic value of the five candidate miRNAs, urine cytology, and miRNA joint diagnostic panel for BC and urinary exosomal miR-21, miR-4454, and urine cytology for Ta-T1 and T2-T4 stage BC were analyzed. Urinary exosomal miR-146a-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-663b, miR-21, and miR-4454 were highly expressed in BC patients. miR-146a-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-663b, miR-21, miR-4454, miRNA combined diagnostic panel, and urine cytology had certain diagnostic value for BC, with miR-21, miR-4454, and miRNA co-diagnostic panel showing the highest diagnostic value. Collectively, urinary exosomal miR-21 was closely related to Tumor-Node-Metastasis staging and grading in BC patients. Urinary exosomal miR-21 had high diagnostic value for BC and Ta-T1 and T2-T4 stage BC, and had high predictive value for BC poor prognosis, providing an effective indicator for the occurrence, development, and prognostic assessment of BC.

Effects of predictive nursing interventions on pressure ulcer in elderly bedridden patients.

The study explores the impact of predictive nursing interventions on pressure ulcers (PUs) in elderly bedridden patients. A total of 120 elderly bedridden patients from the Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture between August 2019 and August 2023 were selected as the subjects of the study and were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group using a random number table method. The control group received conventional nursing care, while the observation group received predictive nursing interventions. The study compared the incidence of PUs, Braden scale scores, the onset time of PUs, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores, self-rating depression scale (SDS) scores, and nursing satisfaction between the two groups. In elderly bedridden patients, the application of predictive nursing interventions significantly reduced the incidence of PUs (p < 0.001), significantly lowered the SAS and SDS scores (p < 0.001), and also significantly increased Braden scale scores (p < 0.001) and delayed the onset time of PUs (p < 0.001). Additionally, it improved patients' nursing satisfaction (p = 0.008). Predictive nursing interventions in elderly bedridden patients have good application effects, reducing the occurrence of PUs, delaying the time of onset in patients, improving patients' negative emotions and enhancing nursing satisfaction rates. It is worthy of widespread use.

Selective oxidation of ß-keto ester modulated by the d-band centers in D-A conjugated microporous metallaphotoredox catalysts containing M-salen (MZn, Cu and Co) and triazine monomers.

Photocatalytic selective oxidation plays an important role in developing green chemistry. However, it is challenging to design an efficient photocatalyst for controlling the selectivity of photocatalytic oxidation reaction and exploring its detailed mechanism. Here, we synthesized three conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) with D-A structures, named M-SATE-CMPs (MZn, Cu and Co), with different d-band centers based on different metal centers, resulting in the discrepancy in adsorption and activation capacities for the reactants, which produces the selectivity of ß-keto esters being catalyzed into α-hydroperoxide ß-keto esters (ROOH) or to α-hydroxyl ß-keto esters (ROH). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations also demonstrate that the adsorption and activation capacities of the metal active centers in M-SATE-CMPs (MZn, Cu and Co) for ROOH are the key factors to influence the photocatalytic selective oxidation of ß-keto ester. This study provides a promising strategy for designing a metallaphotoredox catalyst whose photocatalytic selectivity depends on the d-band center of metal site in the catalyst.

Self-Assembly of an Anionic [Cu5I8]3- Supramolecular Cluster Driven by Ion-Pair Interaction and Catalytic Properties.

The rational design and controlling synthesis of an anionic cuprous iodide supramolecular cluster with high nuclearity through noncovalent interactions remains a significant challenge. Herein, a cationic organic ligand (L1)3+ was driven by anion-cation ion-pair electrostatic interaction to induce free cuprous iodide to aggregate into an anionic supramolecular cluster, [(Cu5I8)3-(L1)3+] (C1). Moreover, five copper(I) atoms bind with eight iodides through multiply bridged Cu-I bonds associated with intramolecular cuprophilic interactions in this butterfly-shaped cluster core. Supramolecular cluster C1 exhibited a solid-state emission at 380 nm and an emission at 405 nm in acetonitrile at room temperature, respectively. Interestingly, this unprecedented cuprous iodide cluster demonstrated a good catalytic performance for azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC) and the catalytic yield can be up to 80% for eight different substrates at 80 °C. Furthermore, the density functional theory (DFT) calculation revealed that the thermodynamic-dependent cycloaddition reaction underwent a four-step pathway with an overall energy barrier of -43.6 kcal mol-1 on the basis of intermediates monitored by mass spectrum.

A linker conformation induced metal-organic framework with high stability and efficient upgrading of natural gas.

Natural gas plays an important role in daily life and the petrochemical industry, but there are often large amounts of impurities which prevent the full use of methane in natural gas. Developing excellent adsorbents to purify CH4 from multi-component mixtures is crucial, but also faces great challenges. Here, by utilizing a ligand conformation preorganization strategy, we employ a flexible nonplanar hexacarboxylate ligand with C2 symmetry to successfully construct a robust microporous metal-organic framework {[Cu3(bmipia)(H2O)3]·(DMF)(CH3CN)2}n (GNU-1, bmipia = 5-[N,N-bis(5-methylisophthalic acid)amion] isophthalate) with an unprecedented topology. More importantly, the obtained GNU-1 not only exhibits good stability in acid-base and water environments, but also shows potential utility as an adsorbent for efficient separation and purification of natural gas under ambient conditions. The adsorption isotherms of GNU-1a (activated GNU-1) exhibit strong binding affinities for C2H6 and C3H8, a remarkable uptakes of C3H8 (6.64 mmol g-1) and C2H6 (4.6 mmol g-1) and an excellent selectivity of 330.1 and 17.5 for C3H8/CH4 and C2H6/CH4 mixtures, respectively, at 298 K and 1 bar. The breakthrough experiments demonstrate that the ternary CH4/C2H6/C3H8 mixtures are completely separated using a fixed-bed separator packed with GNU-1a at ambient temperature and also show great potential for recovering the C2H6 and C3H8 contents from natural gas. Finally, Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations are adopted to ascertain potential gas adsorption mechanisms. This work proves the feasibility of optimizing the structure and pore size of MOF materials by regulating the conformation of ligands for application in the field of light hydrocarbon adsorption/separation.

A Review of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy and the Involved Mechanisms.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), which can lead to renal failure in diabetic patients. At present, the first-line drugs for DN are mainly the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, and the latest approved aldosterone receptor antagonist finerenone, which delay the progression of DN to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), but the therapeutic effect is still not ideal. With a history of thousands of years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has rich experience in the treatment of DN. Based on the theory of TCM, the clinical treatment of DN mainly focuses on generating fluid and nourishing blood, nourishing Qi and Yin, detoxifying and detumescent. In recently years, the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of TCM prescription, Chinese herbal medicine, and its active components on DN have received extensive attention in new drug development. This paper reviews the research progress of the mechanism of TCM on DN.

Anmeidan Improves Learning and Memory Ability of Sleep-deprived Rats by Regulating Astrocyte Activity / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Anmeidan （AMD） on the learning and memory ability of sleep-deprived rats and the mechanism. MethodA total of 50 SD rats were randomized into control group， model group， low-dose AMD group （4.55 g·kg-1·d-1）， high-dose AMD group （18.18 g·kg-1·d-1）， and estazolam group （0.09 mg·kg-1·d-1）. Insomnia was induced in rats with the self-made sleep deprivation box （21 days）. The learning and memory ability of rats was measured by Morris water maze. Immunofluorescence method was employed to detect the number of cells expressing N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 （NDRG2） and glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） in hippocampus of rats， real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） to determine the mRNA expression of hippocampal NDRG2， glial glutamate transporter-1 （GLT-1）， and GluNR2A and GluNR2B N-methyl-D-aspartate （NMDA） receptor subunits， and Western blot to examine the protein expression of NDRG2 and GLT-1 in hippocampus. ResultCompared with control group， the model group showed increase in the latency to reach the platform and total swimming distance， significant decrease in the total distance moved in the target quadrant， time in target quadrant， and times of crossing the platform （P<0.01）， rise in the number of cells expressing NDRG2 and GFAP in the hippocampal CA1 region （P<0.01） and the mRNA level of NDRG2 and GluNR2B， reduction in the mRNA level of GLT-1 and GluNR2A， elevation in NDRG2 protein expression （P<0.01）， and decrease in GLT-1 protein expression （P<0.01）. In contrast to the model group， low-dose and high-dose AMD improved the learning and memory levels of sleep-deprived rats （P<0.01）， reduced the number of cells expressing NDRG2 and GFAP （P<0.01）， significantly decreased the mRNA expression of NDRG2 and GluNR2B， increased the mRNA expression of GLT-1 and GluNR2A， reduced NDRG2 protein level （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and raised GLT-1 protein level （P<0.01）. ConclusionAMD can improve the learning and memory ability of sleep-deprived rats. The mechanism is the likelihood that it regulates astrocyte activity， thereby affecting the neurotransmitter level and synaptic plasticity in the brain.

A Nanocluster [Ag307Cl62(SPhtBu)110]: Chloride Intercalation, Specific Electronic State, and Superstability.

The controlling synthesis of novel nanoclusters of noble metals (Au, Ag) and the determination of their atomically precise structures provide opportunities for investigating their specific properties and applications. Here we report a novel silver nanocluster [Ag307Cl62(SPhtBu)110] (Ag307) whose structure is determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The structure analysis shows that nanocluster Ag307 contains a Ag167 core, a surface shell of [Ag140Cl2S110], and a Cl60 intermediate layer located between Ag167 and [Ag140Cl2S110]. It is a first example that such many chlorides are intercalated into a Ag nanocluster. Chlorides are released in situ from solvent CHCl3. Nanocluster Ag307 exhibits superstability. Differential pulse voltammetry experiment reveals that Ag307 has continuous charging/discharging behavior with a capacitance value of 1.39 aF, while the Ag307 has a surface plasmonic feature. These characteristics show that Ag307 is of metallic behavior. However, its electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra display a spin magnetic behavior which could be originated from the unpassivated dangling bonds of surface atoms. The direct capture of EPR signals can be attributed to the Cl- intercalating layer which partly suppresses the electronic interactions between core and surface atoms, resulting in the relatively independent electronic states for core and surface atoms.

Bisphosphine-Stabilized Gold Nanoclusters with the Crown/Birdcage-Shaped Au11 Cores: Structures and Optical Properties.

To estimate the effect of bisphosphine ligands on the formation of the isomeric core structures of gold nanoclusters, the different ligation of bisphosphine ligands is usually used to participate in the construction of gold nanoclusters. Here, the selection of the different bisphosphine ligands, DPEphos and Xantphos, is performed to construct two novel gold nanoclusters, [Au11(DPEphos)4Cl2]Cl (1) and [Au11(Xantphos)4Cl2]Cl(2), which have been characterized by IR, 1H and 31P NMR, ESI-MS, XRD, SEM, XPS, TG, UV-vis, and X-ray crystal structure analysis. The structural analyses indicate that the ligation of bisphosphine ligands play a crucial role in the formation of the fascinating Au11 cores: gold nanocluster 1 includes a birdcage-shaped Au11 core with eight electrons, while gold nanocluster 2 contains a crown-shaped Au11 core with eight electrons. Meanwhile, DOS and PDOS studies indicate that the Au11 cores have a strong effect on the composition of HOMO and LUMO orbitals of gold nanoclusters. Furthermore, the different Au11 core structures lead to different optical absorption characteristics (1: 456 nm; 2: 427 nm). All these demonstrate that the ligation of bisphosphine ligands may have an important influence on constructing the stability of the isomeric core structures of gold nanoclusters.

Testing morphological trait evolution and assessing species delimitations in the grape genus using a phylogenomic framework.

The grape genus (Vitis L.) is of great agronomic importance and represents an economically valuable resource. Researchers have explored the phylogenetic relationships of subgenus Vitis for decades. However, the evolutionary patterns of many morphological characters of subgenus Vitis have not yet been explored in the context of a robust phylogenetic framework. Within the East Asian clade, V. bryoniifolia and its closely related taxa form the V. bryoniifolia clade, which is taxonomically complex. The phylogenetic relationships and species delimitation within this clade remain poorly resolved, due to the limited sampling in prior studies. We tested morphological trait evolution based on ancestral character state reconstruction using a phylogenomic framework. With 89 accessions from the East Asian subgenus Vitis sampled, a robust phylogenetic relationship of the V. bryoniifolia clade is reconstructed using the restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) data, which support the monophyly of most taxa of the V. bryoniifolia clade. Ancestral character state reconstructions suggest that the weak climbing ability and simplified tendrils of Vitis each evolved multiple times. This study provides a reliable phylogenomic framework for the V. bryoniifolia clade. Coupled with morphological analyses, we discuss the taxonomic status of some taxa in the V. bryoniifolia clade and untangle a taxonomic dilemma in the grape genus.

A Discrete Tetrahedral Indium Cage as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Fixation of CO2 and the Strecker Reaction of Ketones.

A discrete tetrahedral indium cage, {[In12(µ3-OH)4(HCO2)24(tcma)4]} (In12-GL), was synthesized solvothermally by the reaction of indium nitrate with the tripodal tricarboxylic acid ligand N,N,N-tris{(2'-carboxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl}methylammonium chloride ([H3tcma]+Cl). This cage consists of four trimeric units [In3(µ3-OH)(µ2-CO2)3(µ2-HCO2)3] and four [tcma]2- ligands, which all perform as 3-connection nodes to bridge each other, resulting in a tetrahedral cage structure. The trimeric unit [In3(µ3-OH)(µ2-CO2)3(µ2-HCO2)3] is observed for the first time in the family of In-based metal-organic structures and can be considered as an evolution of a 6-connected [In3(µ3-O)(µ2-CO2)6] unit. Each In3+ is terminally coordinated by a µ1-HCO2 group. This cage contains potential Lewis acidic/basic active sites endowed by In3+ ions as Lewis acidic sites and the uncoordinated oxygen atoms of µ1-HCO2 moieties as Lewis basic sites and was explored as an effective heterogeneous catalyst in the cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides and the Strecker reaction for amino nitriles. These catalytic reactions were deduced to happen on the surface of the In12-GL cage.

Analysis on clinical laboratory indicators of different prognostic patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome / 中华疾病控制杂志

@#Objective To analyze the clinical laboratory indicators of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome( SFTS) patients caused by novel Bunyavirus infection，and focus on comparing the indicators of severe patients with different prognosis． The findings may help to predict poor prognosis for severe patients in the early stage． Methods The clinical laboratory indicators of all diagnosed confirmedly patients in two Hospitals，from January 2011 to December 2018，and the differences between groups were analyzed．Ｒesults A total of 168 clinically diagnosed SFTS cases ( 117 cases of non－severe cases and 51 cases of severe cases) were included in this study． In the severe cases，the prognosis was improved in 30 cases and the prognosis was poor in 21 cases． The laboratory indicators of severe patients with different prognosis were compared． The data showed that the levels of several indicators in patients with poor prognosis were statistically different with these in patients with better prognosis． In addition，the proportion of coma，diffuse intravascular coagulation and heart failure in patients with poor prognosis was significantly higher than that in patients with improved prognosis ( all P＜0. 05) ． Conclusion Differentiated prevention and treat- ment strategies should be developed for severe patients with possible poor prognosis．

Synthesis and anti-tumor activity of ginsenoside Rh_2 caprylic acid monoester / 中国中药杂志

Ginsenoside Rh_2,firstly isolated from red ginseng,is protopanaxadiol type of steroidal saponin. Rh_2 possessed variety of activities,but bioavailability of oral administration Rh_2 was extremely low due to poor absorption. Moreover,ginsenoside Rh_2 exhibited toxicity on human normal cells. Therefore,to improve stronger anti-tumor activity and attenuate toxicity,it was essential to design and optimize chemical structure of ginsenoside Rh_2. Through n-octanoylchloride modifications,a novel ester derivative of ginsenoside Rh_2 named caprylic acid monoester of Rh_2( C-Rh_2) was designed and synthesized. Structure of novel ginsenoside derivative was identified by1 D and 2 D NMR,as well as ESI-MS analyses. Anti-tumor effect of C-Rh_2 was tested on H22 tumor bearing mice. C-Rh_2 displayed certain anti-tumor activities and exhibited less toxicity than Rh_2. In the present study,C-Rh_2 as ester form of ginsenoside Rh_2 showed better anti-tumor activity and less toxicity,but the specific mechanism needs further investigation.

Quantitative and Fingerprint of Ilex pubescens Slices / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To establish HPLC-UV fingerprints of Ilex pubescens pieces,and simultaneously determine two components in 46 batches of I. pubescens in pieces of I. pubescens saponin A1 and B1,in order to provide a reference for the quality standard of I. pubescens slices. Method:Methanol was used to extract the I. pubescens saponin samples,and the extracts were measured by HPLC-UV with the absorption wavelength at 210 nm. Kromasil C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) was used for determining the extracts at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. The mobile phase condition was acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution with gradient mode. The chromatographic fingerprint similarity evaluation system of traditional Chinese medicine (2012 edition) was used to analyze I. pubescens fingerprints. SPSS 20.0 software was used to cluster the peak area of common peaks. Principal component analysis was performed to reduce the dimension of common peaks. Result:There were great differences between the root and stem parts in I. pubescens fingerprints. The fingerprints of roots and stems of I. pubescens were established respectively,cluster results assorted the roots of I. pubescens into three categories andthe branches of I. pubescens into two categories. The integrity and difference of I. pubescens decoction pieces from different parts and places of origin were compared,and the principal component analysis was performed to screen out the common components that played a decisive role in fingerprint of I. pubescens pieces. And the common peaks were determined. The content of saponin A1 and saponin B1 in Radix I. pubescens were determined. Conclusion:The established I. pubescens fingerprints and content determination methods are simple and suitable. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis are used to screen out the key components of quality control of I. pubescens. The results can provide references for quality control of I. pubescens.

[Ag15(N-triphos)4(Cl4)](NO3)3: a stable Ag-P superatom with eight electrons (N-triphos = tris((diphenylphosphino)methyl)amine).

A first and stable Ag-P superatom nanocluster [Ag15(N-triphos)4(Cl4)](NO3)3 (1) has been successfully synthesized and characterized. X-ray analysis shows that this Ag15 cluster has a hexacapped body-centered cubic (bcc) framework which is consolidated by four tripodal N-triphos ligands. The identity of 1 is confirmed by high resolution ESI-MS. Cluster 1 has an electronic and geometric shell closure structure with 8 free electrons, matching the stability idea of superatom theory for a nanocluster. DFT calculation of this Ag15 cluster reveals the superatom feature with a 1S21P6 configuration. The chelation of multidentate phosphines enhances the stability of this Ag15 cluster. The AgAg distances between the centered and the vertical Ag atoms of this bcc (Ag@Ag8) are in the range of 2.57-2.71 Å, and the distances between the face-capped and the vertical silver atoms are in the range of 2.84-2.92 Å, showing strong AgAg interactions within this cluster core. This superatom complex exhibits a relatively high thermal and photolytic stability.

Application of a self designed oral-nasal double channel mask in painless gastroscopy / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of self designed oral-nasal double channel mask in painless gastroscopy. Methods 400 patients who were given intravenous injection Sublimaze followed by Propofol were divided equally at random into two groups. The patients in control group (n = 200) were inhaled oxygen with snuffle tube (4.0 ~ 5.0 L/min) and the patients in experimental group (n = 200) were inhaled oxygen with a self designed oral-nasal double channel mask. Respiration rate, SpO2, duration of operation and dosage of anaesthetic were recorded before and during operation. Result The SpO2decreased markedly and duration of operation obviously prolonged in group I during operation (P < 0.05), there was no statistical difference between the two groups of the respiration rate and dosage of anaesthetic. Conclusion The application of oxygen inhalation with the self designed oral-nasal double channel mask in painless gastroscopy appeared safer than that of oxygen inhalation via snuffle tube. It can be safely used in painless gastroscopy.

A Study on the Effects of Cold Knife Excision by Hysteroscopy for the Local Microcirculation and Inflammatory Reaction of Patients with Hysteromyoma / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To study and observe the effects of cold knife excision by hysteroscopy for the local microcirculation and inflammatory reaction of patients with hysteromyoma.Methods 86 patients with hysteromyoma admitted in our hospital from March 2016 to July 2017 were selected as the research objects,and the patients were divided into control group with 43 cases and observation group with 43 cases according to the method of random number table.The control group were treated with monopolar electric knife excision by hysteroscopy,while the observation group treated with cold knife excision by hysteroscopy.Then the local microcirculation and inflammatory reaction indexes of two groups at different time before and after the operation were detected.Results The local microcirculation and inflammatory reaction indexes of two groups before the operation were compare,no significant differences found (P＞0.05);the local microcirculation indexes of observation group after the operation were significantly better than those of the control group,the inflammatory reaction indexes were significantly lower than those of the control group,both with statistical significance (P＜0.05) .Conclusion The cold knife excision by hysteroscopy has better clinical effects in the control of local microcirculation and inflammatory reaction in patients with hysteromyoma,so it has higher application value in the patients with hysteromyoma.

Mechanism of Duhuo Jisheng decotion in delaying degeneration of nucleus pulposus cells in human intervertebral disc / 中国中药杂志

This paper aimed to investigate the role of Duhuo Jisheng decotion (DHJSD) in delaying human disc degeneration and its possible molecular mechanism. The intervertebral disc specimens were divided into normal and degenerated groups according to Pfirrmann classfication. The expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-3 and MMP-13 in intervertebral disc tissue were detected by Western blot and PCR. Then degenerated human primary NPCs were cultured in vitro, the viability of NPCs treated with stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1，10 μg·L⁻¹)and various concentrations of DHJSD was assessed by the CCK-8 assay, and the appropriate concentration was screened. The experiment was divided into three groups, control group, SDF-1 group and DHJSD plus SDF-1 group. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, Agg, coIⅡ, MMP-3 and MMP-13 were detected. The levels of CXCR4, NF-κB major groups P65 phosphorylation (p-P65) and nuclear translocation, after treated with CXCR4 siRNA and NF-κB inhibitor (BAY11-7082) were measured by Western blot and immunofluorescence. At the same time, the expression of cell inflammatory factors and extracellular matrix were also measured. The expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-3 and MMP-13 in the degenerated intervertebral disc tissue were significantly increased. In vitro study, the results of CCK-8 indicated that the viability of NPCs was significantly increased when DHJSD concentration was 300 mg·L⁻¹. After the experiment was divided into three groups, compared with SDF-1 group, the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-3 and MMP-13 in DHJSD group were significantly decreased, but the expressions of Agg, coIⅡ were significantly increased. When CXCR4-siRNA was transfected into NPCs, SDF-1 increased expressions of CXCR4 and p-P65 and inhibited nuclear translocation of P65, whose effect was suppressed by CXCR4-siRNA and DHJSD. In addition, when BAY11-7082 was used to treat NPCs, the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-3 and MMP-13 were significantly decreased. DHJSD could inhibit the production of inflammatory factors and promote the synthesis of extracellular matrix. The potential mechanism may be related to the SDF-1/CXCR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Identification of metabolites and pharmacokinetics of mogrol in rat plasma / 药学学报

Mogrol is the aglycone of seven kinds of mogrosides and siamenoside I. Mogrol has drawn more attention in recent years for its anti-leukemia and anti-diabetes activities. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) method was applied to identify the main metabolites of mogrol in rat plasma. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for determination of the main components in rat plasma. After an oral administration of 100 mg·kg-1 mogrol in rats, 13 metabolites were detected along the main component of parent drug in the plasma. The major metabolites were oxidated and dehydrogenated products. In this study, mogrol was quantitative analyzed using lithium carbonate reagent with high sensitivity. The assay was linear in concentration range 5.00-1 000 ng·mL-1 with intra-and inter-day precision within 9.3% and accuracy in range of -4.5% to 2.9%. Mogrol was absorbed into the blood very fast after oral administration, and the time to reach maximum concentration (tmax) was 1.67 h. The half-life (t1/2) of mogrol in rats was 2.34 h, and the oral absolute bioavailability was 3.5%.

Rare double spin canting antiferromagnetic behaviours in a [Co24] cluster.

A fish-basket-shaped [Co24] cluster, [Co24(µ3-O)4(ampc)4(µ3-OH)4(µ2-OH)4(NO3)5(HCO2)22(H2O)10]·[(HCO2)·2(CH3OH)·x(H2O)], was woven by bridging oxygen atoms from O(2-), OH(-), NO3(-) and HCO2(-) groups, and stabilized terminally by a semi-rigid organic ligand 4',4'-[(dimethylamino)dimethylene]-bis[(1,1'-biphenyl)-2-carboxylate] (ampc(-)). Magnetic analyses indicate that the [Co24] cluster exhibits two types of spin canting orders, spin flop and a small hysteresis with a coercive field of ca. 661 Oe and a remanent magnetization of 0.466 Nß.