RESUMO
We compared the changes in weight (kg) and body mass index (BMI) (kg/m(2)) in 52 hospitalized adolescents between baseline and after 12 weeks of monotherapy with either (i) olanzapine (OLZ) orally disintegrating tablets (ODT) (N=16; 16.6 mg/day+/-4.4 [SD]), or (ii) OLZ standard oral tablets (SOT) (N=10; 18.0 mg/day+/-4.2), or (iii) risperidone (N=26; 2.8 mg/day+/-1.2). Significantly greater increases in mean weight and BMI were observed in the patients treated with OLZ SOT (8.9+/-5.1 [SD] kg; 1.9+/-0.6 kg/m(2), respectively) than in those with ODT (3.0+/-2.1 kg; 1.1+/-0.8 kg/m(2)). Similarly, OLZ ODT treatment was associated with significantly greater increases in weight and BMI than risperidone (1.0+/-1.8 kg; 0.4+/-0.7 kg/m(2)). These findings suggest that adolescents gain less weight with OLZ ODT than OLZ SOT, possibly because the former formulation shortens the time of interaction with digestive serotonin receptors mediating satiety.
Assuntos
Antipsicóticos/farmacologia , Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico , Benzodiazepinas/farmacologia , Benzodiazepinas/uso terapêutico , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Esquizofrenia/reabilitação , Aumento de Peso/efeitos dos fármacos , Administração Oral , Adolescente , Antipsicóticos/administração & dosagem , Benzodiazepinas/administração & dosagem , Índice de Massa Corporal , Vias de Administração de Medicamentos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Olanzapina , Risperidona/uso terapêutico , ComprimidosRESUMO
Recent studies in adolescents have found a weak association between lower self-esteem and smoking. However, this association has not been investigated in a psychiatric setting. In 223 inpatient adolescents [140 girls (16.5 years) and 83 boys (16.4 years)], self-esteem was measured with Coopersmith's self-esteem inventory (SEI), and smoking dependence with the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). DSM-IV categories included major depression (n=35), anxiety disorders (n=35), psychotic disorders (n=31), eating disorders (n=9), and conduct disorders (n=113). There were 101 smokers and 122 nonsmokers. Self-esteem scores were lower in smokers than in nonsmokers (p=0.039). Self-esteem scores were very significantly lower in smokers showing moderate or high nicotine dependence (i.e., FTND score>or=4) when compared with nonsmokers (p=0.002). Smoking with moderate or high nicotine dependence was associated with lower self-esteem in both girls and boys, whereas smoking with no or low nicotine dependence was associated with lower self-esteem only in girls. Smoking was associated with lower self-esteem in all diagnostic categories, except in eating disorders. Interventions targeted on self-esteem might be used to prevent smoking in adolescents with mental disorders.
