Transgeneration effects of N-stearoylethanolamine in irradiated rats. / TRANSGENERATsIY̆NI EFEKTY N-STEAROÏLETANOLAMINU V OPROMINENYKh ShchURIV.

OBJECTIVE: to explore possible transgeneration effects in the rats offspring of the first generation of parents subject ed to the combined effects of N stearoylethanolamine (NSE) and external exposure.Materials and metods. In the first generation rats of both sexes born to parents who have experienced the combined influence of ionizing radiation at a dose of 2.0 Gy and NSE a daily dose of 50.0 mg/kg, administered before or after exposure indicators of pro and antioxidant systems (the concentration of TBA reactive products, catalase and glu tathione peroxidase activity in plasma) were defined, concentrations of sex hormones testosterone and estradiol and nitrite anion were studied. RESULTS: Irradiation of parents caused a three fold reduction of testosterone in the blood plasma of males progeny, increased activity of catalase in plasma of female offsprings, as well as significantly increased the concentration of protein in the offsprings' blood plasma of both sexes. Introduction of NSE to parents before exposure caused the acti vation of lipid peroxidation in plasma of both sexes offsprings' against the background of a trustworthy decrease in activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and glutathione peroxidase), however, prevented a sharp reduction of testosterone content in the blood plasma of males offsprings, conditioned by the influence of radiation on the body of their parents. NSE introduction to parents after exposure caused no significant violations of pro/ antioxidant bal ance in the body of both sexes progeny, but did not eliminate the negative impact of parental exposure to testos terone levels in male offsprings. CONCLUSION: The transgeneration impact of NSE is manifested by radio sensitizing properties in the first generation offsprings in case of application to parents before irradiation.

Potential use of N-stearoylethanolamine in radiation medicine. / POTENTsIYNI MOZhLYVOSTI VYKORYSTANNIa N-STEAROILETANOLAMINU V RADIATsIYNIY MEDYTsYNI.

A new class of biologically active compounds N-acylethanolamines with properties of endogenous cannabinoids are considered in the terms of promising use in radiation medicine both in the acute phase for the prevention and treatment of ionizing radiation damage and in remote period for the treatment of the effects of exposure.

Peculiarity of changes of peripheral blood hematological indices in rats under N-stearoilethanolamine administration conditioned by combined effects of ionizing radiation and stress. / Osoblyvosti zmin gematologichnyh pokaznykiv peryferychnoi' krovi shhuriv pry vvedenni N-stearoi'letanolaminu za umov kombinovanoi' dii' ionizujuchogo vyprominjuvannja ta stresu.

UNLABELLED: Objective - to investigate the peculiarities of peripheral blood indices changes in rats under the N-stearoiletanolamine treatment before and after combined effects of ionizing radiation and stress. METHODS: hematological, statistical. RESULTS: Per oral administration of NSE (10,0 mg / kg) before and after the combined effects of single whole-body irradiation (6.0 Gy) and emotionally-algesic stress (foot-shock) leads to reduction in the number of circulating peripheral blood cells, increasing signs of damage of the hematopoietic system with accelerated exhaustion processes. Conclusions. NSE administration (10,0 mg / kg) in rats under the combined influence of ionizing radiation (6 Gy) and emotionally-algesic stress slows down the course of regenerative processes and accelerates the depletion of the hematopoietic system, proving for its radiosensitizing effects.

Experimental study of radiomodifying properties of N-stearoilethanolamine under a combined impact of ionizing radiation and stress.

OBJECTIVE: to investigate the radiomodifying properties of N-stearoilethanolamine (NSE) in experiment under different conditions of a combined impact of ionizing radiation and stress. METHODS: biochemical, statistical. RESULTS: The radiomodifying properties of N-stearoilethanolamine were revealed under different conditions of a combined impact of ionizing radiation and stress according to the indices of plasma concentrations of TBA-active products, nitrite-anions and catalase activity. CONCLUSIONS: The radioprotective properties of NSE at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg before and after a single total 6.0 Gy irradiation of animals. The radioprotective properties of NSE are identified at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg of animal bodyweight before and after stress. The radiosensitizing properties of NSE occur upon the drug administration in a dose of 10.0 mg/kg before the combined impact of 6.0 Gy ionizing radiation and stress.

Combined effect of N-stearoyiletanolamine and ionizing radiation on hematological indices of peripheral blood in rats.

UNLABELLED: The study objective was to explore the peculiarities of peripheral blood values in rats under the combined influence of 10.0 mg/kg N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE) and 6.0 Gy dose of ionizing radiation to identify the radiomodifying properties of the drug. METHODS: hematological, statistical. RESULTS: it was found that NSE injection to irradiated rats leads to exacerbation of hematopoietic system disorders indicating to radiosensitizing effect of the substance. CONCLUSIONS: The radiosensitizing effect of the drug was established according to qualitative and quantitative abnormalities in peripheral blood values of the rats. Effect of the NSE drug on the rate of recovery processes (i.e. retardation) in the peripheral blood of rats after irradiation was established under these experimental conditions.

[The influence of N-stearoylethanolamine on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and on the level of stable NO metabolites in the rat testes and blood plasma at the early stages of streptozotocine-induced diabetes].

The influence of N-stearoylethanolamine was investigated on the activity of enzymes of antioxidant protection and content of stable metabolites of nitric oxide (NO) in the testes and plasma of rats at the early stages of development of streptozotocine-induced diabetes mellitus. It was shown that the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase is reduced in the plasma and testes of animals with streptozotocin-induced (50 mg/kg) diabetes (blood glucose 8-10 mmol/L). A significant increase in the amount of nitrite and nitrate anions was revealed in the plasma of rats, while only the level of nitrite was significantly changed in the testes of animals. The per os administration of the NSE aqueous suspension in a dose of 50 mg/kg during 10 days to the rats with induced diabetes contributed to the normalization of catalase activity in the testis, which correlated with a decrease in the amount of TBA-reacting products and activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the blood plasma of animals; the use of NSE also contributed to the reduction of nitrite content in the gonads and to normalization of both nitrite and nitrate in the blood plasma of rats. The NSE administration to intact animals caused an increase in superoxide dismutase activity and significantly reduced the content of stable NO metabolites in the blood plasma of animals.

Incorporation of labelled N-acylethanolamine (NAE) into rat brain regions in vivo and adaptive properties of saturated NAE under x-ray irradiation.

Regional distribution of exogenous N-palmitoylethanolamine in the rat brain was investigated in the study. Possible protective and adaptive effect of N-stearoylethanolamine under 2 Gy whole-body X-irradiation and changes of brain lipid composition were also studied. It was found that after per os administration to rats N-([9,10-3H]-palmitoyl)-ethanolamine was primarily accumulated in hypothalamus, pituitary and adrenal glands and the label amount in brain was 0.95% of the oral dose. Quantities of palmitic acid in total brain phospholipids and plasmalogen form of phosphatidylcholine were increased; free cholesterol and diacyl form of phosphatidylcholine were decreased in 2 weeks after irradiation. 11-OH-corticosteroid level in the blood of exposed rats was decreased in comparison with control animals. N-stearoylethanolamine pre-treatment prevented from increasing the plasmalogen form of phosphatidylcholine and decreasing its diacyl form and restored 11-OH-corticosteroid level in the blood of irradiated rats. Recovering of brain free cholesterol level was observed when N-stearoylethanolamine was post-treated. So, the accumulation of N-([9,10-3H]-palmitoyl)ethanolamine in brain indicates its penetration through blood-brain barrier and suggests the possible role of saturated N-acylethanolamines in brain functioning, particularly, in stress response regulation of the organism by hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal system. N-stearoylethanolamine treatment of irradiated rats causes protective effect concerning the of irradiation induced changes in the brain lipid composition and in 11-OH-corticosteroid level and modifies phospholipid fatty acid composition.

[Department of lipid biochemistry]. / Viddil biokhimiï lipidiv.

The Department of Lipid Biochemistry was organized at the end of 1980. The head of the Department is Dr. Nadiya M. Gula, the Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Dr. N. m Govseeva and Dr. U. M. Klimashevsky work at the Department from the very beginning of its existense. Doctors G. L. Volkov, I. P. Artemenko, D. I. Balkov, O. O. Melnik and O. F. Perederiy worked here at different time. Two young scientists T. N. Goridko and V. M. Margitich recently began to work at the Department of Lipid Biochemistry. At present the main research interests in the Department of Lipid Biochemistry are focused on the functional role of phospholipids and some unusual lipids, on membrane-associated lipid dependent properties of cell (neuroblastoma cell, spermatozoa, some other types of cells), on membrane lipid peroxidation. For the last five years we have been working mainly with the murine neuroblastoma C1300 cell and some other types of cells in order to clarify the role of "unusual" minor cell lipids--N-acylphosphatidylethanol amine (NAPE) and N-acylethanolamine (NAE). NAPE and NAE were found for the first time in mammalian tissues by H. H. Schmid and coworkers. They observed an accumulation of unusual lipids in the infarcted areas of canine myocardium after coronary artery ligation and have suggested that they may be generated as protective agents aimed at minimizing irreversible ischemic injury and infarct size. We have detected unusual minor phospholipid NAPE in the cells of murine neuroblastoma and identified it by sequential chemical degradation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Distribution of ]1-14C]N-palmitoylethanolamine and its metabolites in subcellular fractions of neuroblastoma C1300 N18]. / Rozpodil [1-14C]N-pal'mitoïletanolaminu ta iogo metabolitiv u subklitynnykh fraktsiiakh neiroblastomy C1300 N18.

Distribution in dynamics of [1-14C]N-palmitoyl ethanolamine in the subcellular fractions of neuroblastoma C1300 N18 has been studied. It is shown that distribution dynamics of the label is different depending on subcellular fractions. The level of the label in cytoplasm 15 min after incubation reaches the value which remains constant till the end of the experiment. In the microsomal fraction the label is accumulated with time and becomes maximum at the end of the experiment. The highest amount of the label in the plasma membrane has been found 15 min later and then its amount falls. Parallel with this the amount of free fatty acids grows and then begins to fall simultaneously with an increase of the amount of esterified fatty acids. A considerable amount of the label of fatty acids has been determined 15 min later in the composition of di- and triglycerides of cytosol and microsomal fraction.

[Interaction of neuroblastoma C 1300 N18 cells with liposomes and intermembrane metabolism of lipids]. / Vzaiemodiia klitin neiroblastomi C 1300 N18 iz liposomami ta mizhmembrannii obmen lipidiv.

The methods of isotopic and fluorescent labels have shown that interaction of cells of neuroblastoma S 1300 N 18 with small one-layer neutral liposomes prepared of the egg phosphatidyl choline with the addition of different amounts of cholesterol is realized by two mechanisms: the transmembrane transfer of cholesterol by the concentration gradient and membrane lipid metabolism proper, the ratios of cholesterol phospholipids in the biological and artificial membranes being equal. A dependence is established of the neuroblastoma cell viability on the activity of the cholesterol membrane metabolism. A problem on the mechanism which causes the death of cells during the interaction with phosphatidyl-cholesterol liposomes is under discussion.

[Content of fatty acids bound to proteins and of cholesterol in neuroblastoma C1300 N18 cells during differentiation]. / Vmist zv'iazanykh z bilkami zhyrnykh kyslot i kholesterynu v klitynakh neiroblastomy C1300 N18 v protsesi diferentsiiuvannia.

The content and concentration of fatty acids lightly and tightly bound with proteins and the concentration of cholesterol were studied in differentiated and undifferentiated neuroblastoma C1300 N18 cells. Lightly bound lipids were extracted by the method of Blight and Dyer with subsequent additional rinsing by chloroform-methanol (1:1) and methanol extractions. The remaining protein-bound lipid was cleaved by mild alkaline hydrolysis in the methanol medium. Methyl esters of fatty acid were the fraction tightly bound with proteins. The main components in the fractions were fatty acids 16:0, 18:0, 18:1 omega 9, 20:4 omega 6. Cell differentiation caused changes essential in the content and concentration of fatty acids in the both fractions: the total quantity of saturated fatty acids was found to increase, the relative level of saturated fatty acids was higher in the tightly bound lipid fraction. During cell differentiation the level of cholesterol increased per 1 mg of protein in the lightly bound lipid fraction. In the tightly bound lipid fraction the cholesterol level per 1 mg of protein was unchanged.

[Effect of ACTH on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and transketolase activity in mitochondria and hyaloplasm of rabbit liver]. / Vpliv AKTG na gliukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenaznui transketolaznu aktivnosti mitokhondrii ta gialoplazmi pechinki kroliv

The glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and transketolase activities in mitochondria and hyaloplasm of the rabbit liver were studied as affected by ACTH injected daily in a dose of 10 u/kg of weight for two weeks. It was shown that the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was unchanged neither in mitochondria nor in hyaloplasm. The transketolase activity in hyaloplasm was not changed as well. But in mitochondria it decreases by 47% (by an increase of sedoheptulose-7-phosphate S-7-P) simultaneously the ribose-5-phosphate (R-5-P) conversion is inhibited by 35%. The ratio of converted R-5-P and formed S-7-P became 2:0.68 (instead of theoretical 2:1). Administration of ACTH has no effect on the total concentration of acid-soluble ribose-containing compounds in both mitochondria and hyaloplasm.