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1.
J Craniofac Surg ; 35(4): e396-e399, 2024 Jun 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38738899

RESUMO

This study combines clinical and anthropological analyses to investigate the complex cranial pathology of a South African individual from the 19th century. The cranium was examined macroscopically and radiographically. Conducting a standard differential diagnosis was challenging given the complexity and uncommon nature of the pathology and required drawing on relatively sparse paleopathological and clinical case reports. Multiple conditions were identified including biparietal thinning, basilar invagination, platybasia, and complicated chronic frontal sinusitis, where the intracranial extension of sinus infection may likely have contributed to the individual's death. The authors urge for awareness of these uncommon conditions, as their presence can easily be overlooked or confound skeletal assessments. This clinical study contributes to the authors' understanding of uncommon and poorly described paleopathological diseases and will help to better facilitate their diagnosis in future research. It represents one of the first studies describing such an unusual cooccurrence of uncommon pathologies in an archeological individual.


Assuntos
Crânio , Humanos , África do Sul , História do Século XIX , Crânio/diagnóstico por imagem , Crânio/patologia , Masculino , Paleopatologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Diagnóstico Diferencial
2.
Med Teach ; 35(8): 671-7, 2013 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23782051

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Widening access to medical students from diverse educational backgrounds is a global educational mandate. The impact, on students' generic learning skills profiles, of development programmes designed for students at risk of attrition is unknown. AIMS: This study investigated the impact of a 12-month Intervention Programme (IP) on the generic learning skills profile of academically-at-risk students who, after failing at the end of the first semester, completed the IP before entering the second semester of a conventional medical training programme. METHODS: This prospective study surveyed medical students admitted in 2009 and 2010, on entry and on completion of first year, on their reported practice and confidence in information handling, managing own learning, technical and numeracy, computer, organisational and presentation skills. RESULTS: Of 414 first year students, 80 (19%) entered the IP. Levels of practice and confidence for five of the six skills categories were significantly poorer at entry for IP students compared to conventional stream students. In four categories these differences were no longer statistically significant after students had completed the IP; 62 IP students (77.5%) progressed to second year. CONCLUSIONS: A 12-month development programme, the IP, effectively addressed generic learning skills deficiencies present in academically-at-risk students entering medical school.


Assuntos
Educação de Graduação em Medicina/organização & administração , Aprendizagem , Estudantes de Medicina , Adulto , Currículo , Educação de Graduação em Medicina/normas , Avaliação Educacional , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Estudos Prospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários
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