[The evaluation of the effect of zinc sulfate on primary immune response indices under alcoholic intoxication]. / Otsenka vliianiia sul'fata tsinka na pokazateli pervichnogo immunnogo otveta v usloviiakh alkogol'noi intoksikatsii.

Introduction of zinc sulfate in the composition of drinking liquid on the background of alcohol intoxication of animals increases the intensity of primary immune response to the sheep erythrocytes (ShE). This effect is manifested through an increase in the number of phagocytosing lymphocytes in peripheral blood, antibody forming cells in the spleen, antibody titer to ShE, and in an increase in the rosette-forming ability of lymphocytes. The data obtained indicate to the potential use of the zinc salts for immunity correction in conditions of chronic alcohol intoxication.

[Effect of carbidine on parameters of ethanol oxidation in experimental alcoholic intoxication]. / O vliianii karbidina na pokazateli okisleniia étanola pri éksperimental'noi alkogol'noi intoksikatsii.

The effect of carbidine on enzymes of ethanol and acetaldehyde oxidation, the rate of ethanol elimination and the parameters of ethanol consumption were studied during long-term alcoholic intoxication. Carbidine administration was shown to increase the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase of the liver tissue, to decrease the activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase with a low Km to acetaldehyde. Also, the rate of ethanol elimination and a relative amount of consumed ethanol increase at the expense of an increase of the volume of consumed liquid.

[Comparative evaluation of the effect of carbidine and levamisole on the E-rosette-forming activity of the lymphocytes in alcoholic intoxication]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka vliianiia karbidina i levamizola na E-rozetkoobrazuiushchuiu aktivnost' limfotsitov pri alkogol'noi intoksikatsii.

The E-rosette formation activity of lymphocytes in human alcoholics treated with carbidine was studied. In experimental alcohol intoxication in animals the effect of carbidine on the E-rosette formation was compared with that of levamisole. The effects of the both drugs in the in vitro experiments were studied as well. The use of carbidine for treating alcoholism was shown to produce changes in the E-rosette formation indicating possible immunodulating properties of the drug. In experimental conditions of the immune response to ram erythrocytes during alcoholic intoxication the inhibitory effect of carbidine on the E-rosette formation was more pronounced. In the in vitro conditions carbidine changes the E-rosette formation in alcoholics similarly to levamisole suggesting the immunomodulating properties of carbidine.

[Effect of testosterone on ethanol oxidation during chronic alcoholism in castrated rats]. / Vliianie testosterona na okislenie étanola pri khronicheskom alkogolizme u kastrirovannykh krys.

It has been shown in non-alcoholized male rats that castration significantly and appreciably raises the level of endogenous ethanol. In chronic alcoholization of castrated and non-castrated rats, the rate of ethanol elimination (REE) is noticeably increased, with testosterone producing no essential effect on the REE. In the liver, alcohol dehydrogenase activity rises insignificantly under the effect of testosterone, whereas aldehyde dehydrogenase activity declines 30--100%.

[Effect of alcohol intoxication on activity of enzymes in ethanol oxidation and on arginase activity in rat liver]. / Vliianie alkogol'noi intoksikatsii na aktivnost' fermentov okisleniia étanola i arginazy pecheni krys.

In chronic alcohol intoxication activity of alcohol-oxidizing systems in liver tissue was not distinctly altered as shown by estimation of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (AcDH) activities, whereas the arginase activity was increased 1.5-2-fold. At the same time, the activities ADH, AcDH and arginase tended to decrease in acute alcohol intoxication of slight and middle degree. These alterations in the enzymatic activity were more pronounced in acute intoxication occurring simultaneously with chronic alcoholization. Lethal doses of alcohol caused a decrease in ADH and AcDH activities but did not affect the arginase activity.

[Arginase activity in various tissues of rats in alcohol intoxication]. / Aktivnost' arginazy razlichnykh tkanei krysy pri alkogol'noi intoksikatsii.

Effects of acute and chronic alcohol intoxication on activities of arginase, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (AcDH) were studied in rat liver, brain and kidney tissues. Alcohol intoxication altered both ureotelic (liver) and non-ureothelic (brain, kidney) arginase activity. The arginase activity in all the tissues studied was increased in chronic alcohol intoxication. Elevation in the arginase activity in liver tissue indicates that the urea cycle is activated as well as that hyperproduction of glutamic acid in brain may occur. Specific inhibitory effects of ethanol and acetaldehyde might be responsible for alterations of the arginase activity in all the tissues studied in acute alcohol intoxication. In vitro acetaldehyde at 5 X 10(-6) M concentration inhibited the arginase activity in partially purified preparations of brain and kidney tissues by 40-50% and of liver tissue--by 10-15%; 10% ethanol inhibited the liver enzyme by 90% and affected only slightly the activity of brain arginase.

[Cytoplasmic fractions of liver differing in their antigenic properties and alcohol dehydrogenase activity]. / Tsitoplazmennye fraktsii pechenii, razlichaiushchiesia po antigennym svoistvam i aktivnosti fermenta alkogol'degidrogenazy.

Organ-specific antigenous properties and alcohol dehydrogenase activity (ADH) of human and rat cytoplasmic liver fractions precipitated and not precipitated by rivanol were compared. These fractions were shown to differ in organ-specific antigenous properties, with ADH activity being largely detectable in the non-precipitated fraction. A study was also made of the action of heating (45--60 degrees C), ether and chloroform on the non-precipitated fraction to show that all these factors exert an inconsistent effect on ADH activity and organ-specific antigenous properties of the fraction. It is suggested that proteins responsible for organ-specific antigenous properties and ADH activity of the non-precipitated fraction are not identical.