RESUMO
Different combinations of cations (imidazolium, pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, phosphonium, and ammonium) and anions (basic anions, sulfate, phosphate, and borate) were studied based on the COSMO volume and quantum chemical parameters such as highest occupied molecular orbital/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO/LUMO) energies, HOMO-LUMO energy gap, global hardness and softness, electronegativity, electrophilicity index, and chemical potential using the density functional theory (DFT) method. Further, the sigma profile and sigma potential for the selected cations and anions were generated using a COSMO-RS model. The activity coefficient at infinite dilution was also studied for the butanol-water system to find a greater degree of nonideality. A feasible entrainer for the azeotrope breaker for a butanol-water system is proposed.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: This prospective study analyzed the factors that could predict thyroid gland involvement in patients suffering from malignancy of the larynx and laryngopharynx. METHODS: Fifty patients underwent total laryngectomy with either ipsilateral hemithyroidectomy or total thyroidectomy in cases with subglottic extent more than 1.5 cm or in patients undergoing total laryngopharyngectomy for hypopharyngeal malignancy. The laryngectomy specimen and thyroid specimen were studied histologically with multiple serial sections. RESULTS: The majority of patients had glottic involvement followed by supraglottic and hypopharyngeal lesions. The thyroid gland was found to be enlarged and nodular in six patients. One of six patients had frank induration with gross extralaryngeal spread. Our study showed a 2% incidence of thyroid gland invasion by tumour. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of subglottic extension of more than 2 cm, cricoid cartilage invasion, and perithyroidal soft tissue involvement can be considered indicators for sacrificing the whole thyroid gland during surgery.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Hipofaríngeas/patologia , Neoplasias Laríngeas/patologia , Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Tireoidectomia/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Neoplasias Hipofaríngeas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Laríngeas/cirurgia , Laringectomia/métodos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Invasividade Neoplásica , Faringectomia/métodos , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Glândula Tireoide/cirurgiaRESUMO
Amyloidosis comprises a diverse collection of disease characterized by the presence of amorphous extracellular eosinophilic deposits of unique protein fibrils that gives apple green birefringence under polarized light after staining with Congo red. Head and neck region is the commonest site for localized form of amyloidosis. We report a case of a 43-year-old man with localized amyloidosis of nasopharynx with oropharyngeal extension and its management, along with a review of relevant literatures.
