RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Currently, rectal tumors radiotherapy effectiveness reaches an acceptable level only in a small number of patients (they have a complete clinical response), which is associated with the formation of malignant cells radioresistance. A comprehensive study that integrates various epigenetic parameters would explain a number of molecular mechanisms of rectal tumor cells radioresistance and identify new bio-markers. In the last decade, using high-through-put sequencing, the competitively interacting RNAs regulatory network (long non-coding RNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs) has been shown. PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to analyze the features of competitively interacting RNAs regulatory network functioning in patients with rectal cancer who are radioresistant and sensitive to radiotherapy. The study was performed on 500 patients with dia-gnosed rectal cancer. Radiotherapy was performed on a Novalis TX linear particle accelerator according to the standard protocol (single focal dose 2.4 Gy, total focal dose 54.0 Gy). Total RNA preparations were isolated from paired bio-psy fragments of tumor and non-tumor tissues of the rectum (obtained by video-colonoscopy). The relative abundance of mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA transcripts was assessed by the RT-qPCR method. Using bio-informatic analysis, the probability of potential interactions between the investigated mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA was determined. It has been shown that the effectiveness of radiotherapy depends on the level of miRNA (miRNA-195-5p; miRNA-4257; miRNA-5187-5p; miRNA-149-5p; miRNA-138 -1-3p; miRNA-6798-5p; miRNA-6819-5p; miRNA-4728-5p; miRNA-1249-5p; miRNA-557; miRNA-1273h-5p; miRNA-6737-5p; miRNA-6808-5p; miRNA-3202; miRNA-5195-3p; miRNA-130b-3p) and lncRNA (XIST, HELLPAR, NEAT1, AC008124. 1, LINC01089, LINC01547, and VASH1-AS1) expression, which regulate the DNA repair system (H2AX, RBBP8) and apoptosis (BCL2). CONCLUSION: A comprehensive study of competitively interacting RNAs regulatory network and radiotherapy effectiveness of rectal tumors made it possible to establish the mechanisms of radioresistance formation and its bio-markers.
Assuntos
MicroRNAs , RNA Longo não Codificante , Neoplasias Retais , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Neoplasias Retais/genética , Neoplasias Retais/radioterapiaRESUMO
Tumors of pleomorhic adenoma parapharingeal space of the parotid gland amount for less than 20% of all salivary gland tumors. In most cases these tumors are benign, and pleomorphic (polymorphous) adenomas prevail among them (up to 80-90%). The frequency of their malignization varies from 3.6 to 30%. Pleomorphic adenoma of parapharingeal space of the parotid gland was removed from patient S., aged 23 years, in head and neck department of RROI. Tumors of superficial part of the parotid gland were removed from the patient 5 times during the last 10 years maintaining the integrity of the facial nerve. Each time the tumor was pleomorphic adenoma morphologically. After physical and x-ray (CT, MRI, MRI with angiography of neck vessels) examinations a tumor -- pleomorphic adenoma -- was removed with submandibular method. The control MRI check showed continued growth. Radiation therapy was prescribed, after which the pronounced therapeutic effect was noted. The patient has been observed for 8 months without recurrence.
Assuntos
Adenoma Pleomorfo/terapia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias Parotídeas/terapia , Adenoma Pleomorfo/radioterapia , Adenoma Pleomorfo/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Parotídeas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Parotídeas/cirurgia , Faringe , Radiografia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The paper discusses the prognostic significance of Ki-67, bcl-2 and HMB-45 markers in skin melanoma in the course of different modalities of chemotherapy involving autoblood. Recurrence-free and 3-year survival among patients receiving autoblood preparations was significantly higher than in controls (p < or = 0.05).
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Melanoma/química , Melanoma/terapia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/química , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Antígenos de Neoplasias/análise , Quimioterapia Adjuvante/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Antígeno Ki-67/análise , Masculino , Melanoma/tratamento farmacológico , Melanoma/patologia , Melanoma/radioterapia , Melanoma/cirurgia , Antígenos Específicos de Melanoma , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Terapia Neoadjuvante/métodos , Invasividade Neoplásica , Proteínas de Neoplasias/análise , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prognóstico , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/análise , Neoplasias Cutâneas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/cirurgia , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Data on sonographic features of different variants of skin melanoma are presented. Relationship between skin to tumor thickness ratio and invasion depth (Clark) or tumor thickness (Breslow) were found. Tumor extent was effectively identified by ultrasound tomography of primary focus preoperatively. Such patterns of melanoma blood supply as "avascular" (superficial tumor) and "vascular" (node-like tumor) were established. A "tree-like" vascular pattern was typical of melanoma in color Doppler imaging. Tumor with such pattern had poor prognosis.
