RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of vertical HIV-1 transmission in the western region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: The study analyzed the medical records of HIV-1-infected mothers and infant pairs living in the municipalities of São Paulo Regional Health Departments DRS II (Araçatuba) and DRS XI (Presidente Prudente). From March 2001 to March 2006, blood samples were collected and referred to the Molecular Biology Unit of the Adolfo Lutz Institute (ALI), Presidente Prudente. HIV-1-RNA viral load was determined by bDNA assay. RESULTS: The number of births (109/217, 50.2%) and vertical HIV-1 transmissions (6/109, 5.5%) that occurred in DRS II was similar to births (108/217, 49.8%) and vertical transmissions (7/108, 6.5%) in DRS XI (p > 0.05). Although 80% (4/5) of the infected children were male in DRS II, while in DRS XI, 75% (6/8) were female, no differences between sex regarding infected and noninfected children in the regions of Araçatuba and Presidente Prudente were verified. The overall vertical HIV-1 transmission rate was 6%. No consistent reduction in the prevalence of vertical HIV-1 transmission occurred over the years. About 20% of mothers did not know the HIV-1 status of their newborns eight months after delivery. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, MTCT prevalence rates were about 70% higher than those previously determined in the State of São Paulo, with noreduction throughout the period.Furthermore, a significant number of mothers did not know the HIV-status of their newborns eight months after delivery.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/transmissão , HIV-1/genética , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas/estatística & dados numéricos , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Gravidez , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/virologia , Prevalência , RNA Viral/análise , Carga ViralRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of vertical HIV-1 transmission in the western region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: The study analyzed the medical records of HIV-1-infected mothers and infant pairs living in the municipalities of São Paulo Regional Health Departments DRS II (Araçatuba) and DRS XI (Presidente Prudente). From March 2001 to March 2006, blood samples were collected and referred to the Molecular Biology Unit of the Adolfo Lutz Institute (ALI), Presidente Prudente. HIV-1-RNA viral load was determined by bDNA assay. RESULTS: The number of births (109/217, 50.2 percent) and vertical HIV-1 transmissions (6/109, 5.5 percent) that occurred in DRS II was similar to births (108/217, 49.8 percent) and vertical transmissions (7/108, 6.5 percent) in DRS XI (p > 0.05). Although 80 percent (4/5) of the infected children were male in DRS II, while in DRS XI, 75 percent (6/8) were female, no differences between sex regarding infected and noninfected children in the regions of Araçatuba and Presidente Prudente were verified. The overall vertical HIV-1 transmission rate was 6 percent. No consistent reduction in the prevalence of vertical HIV-1 transmission occurred over the years. About 20 percent of mothers did not know the HIV-1 status of their newborns eight months after delivery. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, MTCT prevalence rates were about 70 percent higher than those previously determined in the State of São Paulo, with noreduction throughout the period.Furthermore, a significant number of mothers did not know the HIV-status of their newborns eight months after delivery.
INTRODUÇÃO: O objetivo desse estudo foi determinar a prevalência da transmissão vertical do HIV-1 na região oeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas as fichas de mães infectadas pelo HIV-1 e recém-nascidos, residindo em municípios das Delegacias Regionais de Saúde (DRS II, Araçatuba) e (DRS XI, Presidente Prudente). Entre março de 2001 e março de 2006 as amostras foram colhidas e enviadas ao Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Presidente Prudente. A carga viral do RNA-HIV-1 foi determinada por bDNA. RESULTADOS: O número de nascimentos, 50,2 por cento (109/217) e a transmissão vertical do HIV-1, 5,5 por cento (6/109) ocorrido na DRS II foi semelhante aos nascimentos, 49,8 por cento (108/217) e a transmissão vertical, 6,5 por cento (7/108) ocorrido na DRS XI, respectivamente. Embora na DRS II, 80 por cento (4/5) das crianças infectadas fossem meninos e na DRS XI, 75 por cento (6/8) meninas, não houve diferença entre sexo em crianças infectadas ou não nas regiões de Presidente Prudente e Araçatuba. A taxa de transmissão vertical para o HIV-1 foi de 6 por cento.Não houve diminuição da taxa de infecção ao longo dos anos. Cerca de 20 por cento das mães não haviam feito exame para HIV-1 de seus filhos oito meses após o nascimento. CONCLUSÕES: A transmissão vertical para HIV-1 foi cerca de 70 por cento maior que a encontrada anteriormente no Estado de São Paulo, sem diminuição ao longo do período. Além disso, um número expressivo de mães não realizou exame de seus filhos oito meses após o nascimento.
