RESUMO
We present a case of fracture of the occipital condyle showing neck pain, lesion of IX, X and XII cranial nerves and pyramidal syndrome of the four members. A review of the literature about the surgical treatment of the occipital condyle fracture is done.
Assuntos
Osso Occipital/lesões , Fraturas Cranianas/cirurgia , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Osso Occipital/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas Cranianas/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
A morphological study, macro and microscopical, was made of brain lesions in 120 victims of fatal road traffic accidents. Parahipoccampal hernia, Duret haemorrhage and infarction in the medio-basal occipital lobe, clear evidence of raised intracranial pressure, occurred in 43 (35.8%) patients. The increased intracranial pressure from the head injury is caused by brain swelling and by intracranial haematomas. In this series 3 cases of extradural haematomas (7.0%), 9 of subdural haematomas (20.9%), 6 of intracerebral haematomas (14%), 6 of burst lobe (14%) and 9 of brain swelling (20.9%) were observed.
Assuntos
Acidentes de Trânsito , Lesões Encefálicas/patologia , Hipertensão Intracraniana/patologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão Intracraniana/diagnóstico , MasculinoRESUMO
A morphological study, macro and microscopical, was made of brain lesions in 120 victims of fatal road traffic accidents. Contusions of the brain were identified in 67 (55.8%) of the patients. The contusions especially affected the orbital surfaces of the frontal lobes (27.8%) and the temporal poles (19.8%). The recent brain contusion was associated with a skull fracture in 70.1% of the cases and with a diffuse axonal injury in 89.5%. These can be explained by the association of contact and inertia from the road traffic accidents. Old contusions were identified in six patients (5.0%).
Assuntos
Acidentes de Trânsito , Lesões Encefálicas/patologia , Adulto , Axônios/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
A morphological study, macro and microscopical, was made of brain lesions in 120 victims of fatal road traffic accidents. Congestive brain swelling occurred in 21 (17.5%) patients. Owing to the brain swelling that increases the brain volume, an increase of brain weight was also observed. Brain contusion was the most frequent lesion associated with congestive brain swelling (76.2%), while the intracranial haematomas were observed in almost half of the cases.
Assuntos
Acidentes de Trânsito , Edema Encefálico/patologia , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/patologia , Acidentes de Trânsito/mortalidade , Adulto , Idoso , Edema Encefálico/etiologia , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/complicações , Feminino , Escala de Coma de Glasgow , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
A morphological study, macro and microscopical, was made of brain lesions in 120 victims of fatal road traffic accidents. Burst lobes were identified in 12 (10.0%) of the patients. It occurred in the frontal lobe in 6 (50.0%) patients, in the temporal lobe in 2 (16.7%) and in both lobes in 4 (33.3%) patients. A skull fracture occurred in 8 (66.7%) patients and intracranial hypertension occurred in half of cases. Nine patients were admitted in coma and three patients died immediately after the road traffic accident. All cases of burst lobes were associated with diffuse axonal injury, which explains the severe alteration of consciousness observed at the patients' admission.
Assuntos
Acidentes de Trânsito , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/patologia , Hemorragias Intracranianas/patologia , Acidentes de Trânsito/mortalidade , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Pré-Escolar , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Hemorragias Intracranianas/complicações , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The birth and the evolution of Neurology in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, is described focusing the influences of the neurological school of Rio de Janeiro and the world neurological context. With the foundation of the Faculdade de Medicina de Belo Horizonte, the specialty begins embryonarily with neuropsychiatrists. José Geraldo Albernaz and Gilberto Belisário Campos in the 50's and 60's of this century began the modern neurology in Belo Horizonte.
Assuntos
Neurologia/história , Brasil , História do Século XIX , História do Século XXRESUMO
Realizou-se o estudo das lesoes encefálicas em 120 vítimas fatais de acidente de trânsito, tendo-se verificado baixa sobrevida média e alta freqüência de lesoes cranioencefálicas e extracraniais. Relativamente às casuísticas análogas referentes a traumas cranianos fechados de diferentes origens, observou-se baixa freqüência de lesoes primárias focais (fratura de crânio, contusao cerebral e hematomas intracranianos) e alta de lesoes primárias difusas (lesao axonal difusa e lesao vascular focal múltipla). A lesao axonal difusa (LAD) foi encontrada em 75,8 por cento dos encéfalos, sendo do primeiro grau em 17,6 por cento; do segundo grau em 53,8 por cento; e, do terceiro, em 28,6 por cento. Apesar da distribuiçao difusa que caracteriza esta lesao, ocorreu comprometimento preferencial das formaçoes inter-hemisféricas e da porçao rostral do tronco encefálico, geralmente de forma lateralizada.
