Encapsulation of human endometrial stem cells in chitosan hydrogel containing titanium oxide nanoparticles for dental pulp repair and tissue regeneration in male Wistar rats.

This study aimed to determine the impact of human endometrial stem cells (EnSCs) and titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) on dental pulp repair and regeneration in an animal model through dentine development and tissue regeneration. The EnSCs were put on a three-dimensional (3D) chitosan scaffold containing TiO2 NPs after obtaining and purifying the collagenase enzyme. Pulps were exposed on the maxillary left first molar of all rats followed by direct pulp capping with the experimental scaffolds, as follows. Groups were: 1, control group without any treatment; 2, chitosan group (CS); 3, chitosan group with stem cells (CS/SCs); 4, chitosan group with stem cells and TiO2 NPs (CS/EnSCs/TiO2). Glass ionomer was used as a sealant in all groups. The teeth were extracted and histologically evaluated after 8 weeks. The quality and amount of dentine in the CS/EnSCs/TiO2 group were higher than in the other groups. The combination of EnSCs with TiO2 NPs and 3D chitosan scaffolds had a synergistic effect on each other, evidencing increased speed and quality of dentine formation. Using EnSCs with TiO2 NPs on a 3D chitosan scaffold can be a suitable combination for direct pulp capping and dentine regeneration in a rat molar tooth model.

Vital pulp therapy of a dens evaginatus‒affected tooth with an immature apex and inflamed pulpal and periapical tissue: a case report.

Dens evaginatus (DE) is a developmental anomaly presenting as an enamel-covered tubercle on the occlusal surface of a premolar, particularly found in people of Asian descent. This case report describes partial pulpotomy in a mandibular premolar with a fractured evaginatus tubercle and endodontic infection. A 10.5-year-old girl of Asian descent was referred for endodontic evaluation and treatment because of local swelling and pain. Clinical examination suggested the presence of DE in a noncarious mandibular right second premolar with a diagnosis of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and symptomatic apical periodontitis. On access, the pulp was hemorrhagic. A single-appointment mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) pulpotomy and an immediate composite resin restoration were performed. Recall examinations at 3, 6, and 18 months verified periapical healing and root development without clinical symptoms. This case report suggests that MTA pulpotomy could be a viable alternative option for DE-affected immature teeth with pulpal and periapical inflammation.

Latest Concepts in the Endodontic Management of Patients with Cardiovascular Disorders.

There are several cardiovascular interventions that need special considerations in the provision of treatments within the scope of endodontics. If these interventions are not carefully identified, diagnosed, and considered in the overall treatment plan for the patient, they may result in fatal conditions. These include hypertension that causes fatal cardiac disorders, such as angina pectoris, ischemic heart diseases, and myocardial infarction, and also cerebrovascular diseases; congestive heart failure; infective endocarditis, valvular diseases, and carrying pacemakers; and the use of antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs that are commonly prescribed for patients who have experienced heart stroke. The aim of this article is to review the newest recommendations for patients with these disorders who require endodontic treatments.

Seven root canals in a deciduous maxillary molar detected by the dental operating microscope and micro-computed tomography.

The root and root canal morphology of deciduous molars shows considerable variations. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of the normal and unusual root and root canal configuration types in deciduous teeth is of prime importance. The purpose of this report is to describe a rare anatomical variation in a double-rooted maxillary deciduous molar examined by the dental operating microscope and micro-computed tomography. SCANNING 38:554-557, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.