Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Combined with the Resilience Model to Decrease Depression and Anxiety Symptoms and Increase the Quality of Life in ESRD Patients Treated with Hemodialysis.

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of cognitive behavioral intervention (CBI) combined with the resilience model (CBI + R) vs CBI alone on depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and quality of life of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis replacement therapy. METHOD: Fifty-three subjects were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. The control group (n = 25) was provided with treatment strategies based on a cognitive behavioral approach, while the experimental group (n = 28) were given the same techniques plus resilience model strategies. Five psychological instruments were applied: Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Mexican Resilience Scale, cognitive distortions scale, and the Kidney Disease related Quality of Life questionnaire. Participants were assessed at baseline (before treatment), eight weeks later (end of treatment), and four weeks after the end of treatment (follow up). The results were analyzed by ANOVA for repeated measures with a Bonferroni-adjusted test method, with p < 0.05 considered significant. RESULTS: The experimental group had significant differences in total and somatic depression as well as differences in the dimensions of cognitive distortions and a significant increase in the dimensions of resilience. The control group had significant differences in all variables but showed lower scores in the evaluated times. CONCLUSIONS: The resilience model strengthens and enhances the effectiveness of the cognitive behavioral approach to reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with ESRD.

Intervención multidisciplinar en línea para mujeres con trastorno por atracón / Multidisciplinary online intervention for women with binge eating disorder

Resumen: Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de una intervención multidisciplinar en línea (psicológica, médica y nutricional) en mujeres con trastornos por atracón (TpA). Método: participaron 5 mujeres diagnosticadas con TpA con una edad promedio de 43.2 años y un peso corporal inicial promedio de 90 kg. El tratamiento se realizó durante 24 sesiones, cada una de dos horas por semana; la primera hora era terapia grupal y la segunda individual. Se contó con cuatro momentos de evaluación: pre, post y dos seguimientos Resultados: Las comparaciones se realizaron a través de la prueba no paramétrica de Friedman, encontrando una disminución estadísticamente significativa de la sintomatología de atracón pre χ1= 30.30 al segundo seguimiento χ2=10.80 (x2=12.84; p=.005), sintomatología de ansiedad χ1= 28.80 χ2=12.40 (x2=10.83.96; p=.013) y depresión χ1= 19.80, χ2=4.0 (x2=10.18; p=.017). Se observó mejoría en la comprensión χ1= 21.00, χ2=30.20 (x2=9.63; p=.025) y regulación emocional χ1= 28.40 χ2=33.00, (x2=7.77; p=.050). Las pacientes redujeron su peso corporal, mejoraron hábitos alimentarios introduciendo fruta y verdura diariamente e incluyeron la actividad física en su rutina diaria, realizando de 20 a 30 minutos diarios. A partir del cambio clínico objetivo se observó un cambio positivo en las variables abordadas en tratamiento en todas las participantes. Conclusiones: Se puede observar que la intervención multidisciplinaria en línea fue efectiva en el tratamiento de TpA en mujeres.

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary online intervention (psychological, medical, and nutritional) in women with binge eating disorder (BED). Method: 5 women diagnosed with BED with a mean age of 43.2 years and a mean initial body weight of 90 kg participated. The treatment was carried out during 24 sessions, each of two hours per week; the first hour was group therapy and the second individual. There were four moments of evaluation: pre, post and two follow-ups. Results: The comparisons were made through the non-parametric Friedman test, finding a statistically significant decrease in binge eating symptoms before χ1= 30.30 at the second follow-up χ2 =10.80 (x2=12.84; p=.005), symptoms of anxiety χ1= 28.80, χ2=12.40 (x2=10.83.96; p=.013) and depression χ1= 19.80, χ2=4.0 (x2= 10.18, p=.017). Improvement was observed in comprehension χ1= 21.00, χ2=30.20 (x2=9.63; p=.025) and emotional regulation χ1= 28.40 χ2=33.00, (x2=7.77; p=.050). The patients reduced their body weight, improved their eating habits by introducing fruit and vegetables daily and included physical activity in their daily routine, performing 20 to 30 minutes a day. From the objective clinical change, a positive change was observed in the variables addressed in treatment in all the participants. Conclusions: The online multidisciplinary intervention was effective in the treatment of BED in women.

Academic Performance during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Relationship with Demographic Factors and Alcohol Consumption in College Students.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused many changes in the education sector worldwide, and school curricula have had to adapt to a non-face-to-face modality. However, international studies have concluded that this modality has affected the academic performance of students. The present study aimed to compare the academic performance of a sample of college students from before the start of quarantine with their current performance, and to test whether various demographic factors influenced these changes in conjunction with alcohol consumption. With a non-experimental, comparative and longitudinal design, we applied an ad hoc questionnaire, in conjunction with the AUDIT questionnaire, in a sample of college students (n = 341), and we also obtained data of academic average and failed subjects. The demographic factors that influenced academic performance were sex (p < 0.01), age (p < 0.01) and alcohol consumption (p = 0.001). Most students showed an improvement in their academic average during the quarantine period. Women without failed subjects and low-risk alcohol consumption obtained a better average in this period. In conclusion sex, age and alcohol consumption level were factors associated with academic performance during the quarantine period due to the COVID-19 pandemic; and women had a higher academic average than men did.

Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adultos con normopeso, sobrepeso y obesidad / Health-related quality of life in normal weight, overweight and obese adults

Resumen Actualmente el sobrepeso y la obesidad presentan una alta prevalencia a nivel mundial, y se encuentran relacionados con enfermedades crónico-degenerativas, mortalidad prematura y disminución en la calidad de vida. El propósito de esta investigación fue comparar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en función del estado de nutrición (EN) y sexo. Participaron 202 adultos (84 hombres y 118 mujeres), con una edad entre 18 y 81 años (M =39.74 DE = 13.77), quienes fueron distribuidos por su EN en: normopeso, sobrepeso y obesidad. Los participantes completaron el cuestionario 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). En la muestra predominó la dimensión Función física (FF), considerándola muy buena. Las dimensiones Rol emocional (RE), Rol físico (RF), Vitalidad (VT) y Salud mental (SM) se ubicaron en el nivel de bueno, y solamente la Salud general (SG) se consideró regular. En el caso de la comparación entre los grupos en función del EN no se encontraron diferencias significativas; sin embargo, en la comparación por sexo, los hombres obtuvieron mayores puntuaciones en: FF, SM, VT y RE. Se concluye que no hay diferencia estadísticamente significativa de la CVRS entre los grupos por EN, no obstante, al realizar la comparación por sexo se encuentran diferencias significativas a favor de los hombres.

Abstract Overweight and obesity currently have a high prevalence worldwide, are related to chronic degenerative diseases, premature mortality and the decline in quality of life. The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the quality of life related to health (HRQoL) between groups by their nutritional status (NS) and by sex. There was a sample of 202 participants (84 men and 118 women) with an age between 18 and 81 years (M =39.74 SD = 13.77), distributed by their NS in: normal weight, overweight and obesity, they were administered the questionnaire 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). In the general sample, the Physical Function (PF) dimension was predominant, being considered as very good, the scores obtained in the Emotional Role (ER), Physical Role (PR), Vitality (VT) and Mental Health (MH) dimensions were in a range estimated as good and only the General Health (GH) dimension was considered regular. In the case of the comparison between the groups by state of nutrition, no statistically significant differences were found between them, however, in the comparison made by sex, statistically significant differences were found in the factors of PF, MH, VT and ER in favor of the group of men. In conclusion, there is not statistically significant difference of the HRQoL between the groups by NS, nevertheless, when performing the comparison by sex, significant differences are found in favor of the men.