[Chromosomes of 7 transplantable lines of macaque and pavian hematopoietic cells producing herpesvirus type EBV and oncornavirus type C]. / Izuchenie khromosom semi perevivaemykh linii krovetvornykh kletok makak i pavianov, produtsiruiushchikh virus gerpesa tipa EBV i onkornavirus tipa C.

Karyotypes of Su-1, Su-2, KMMA-1, and KMMA-2 (producing oncornavirus C-type), and KMPG-1, SPF-2, and SPG-3 (producing HSV, a virus of EBV type) cell lines were studied in the time course. The lines were derived from hemopoietic cells of brown macaques and baboons bearing lymphomas. Some of the lines had a paradiploid-pseudodiploid karyotype, another part aneuploid type. The selectivity of structural and numerical abnormalities of chromosomes 1, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 18, and 20 was detected indicating a certain specificity of karyotype changes upon malignization and transformation. The number of poorly and moderately differentiating chromosomes in aneuploidy was confirmed by greater variability as compared with well-differentiating chromosomes. No parallelism between the karyotype change pattern and the type of virus produced (C or EBV) could be found thus far.

[Chromosomes of 3 lymphoblastoid suspension cell lines obtained from baboons with malignant lymphoma]. / Khromosomy trekh suspenzionnykh limfoblastoidnykh linii kletok, poluchennykh ot pavianov gamadrilov so zlokachestvennoi limfomoi.

Three suspension cell lines from bone marrow (BMPH-1) and spleens (SPH-2 and SPH-3) of hamadryas baboons with haematosarcoma were presented by analogous lymphoid type cells of a high proliferative activity. The modal class of cells in all the three lines was presented by diploids and pseudodiploids, though there was a significant admixture of heterodiploid and subtriploid cells and cells having various types of marker chromosomes. The reconstructed chromosome 1 and satellite chromosomes dominated among the marker chromosomes indicating their relatively greater mutability. No change was observed in Giemsa-banding during a year's cultivation of all three cell lines. The total number of weakly and poorly differentiating chromosomes in aneuploids is more variable compared to the number of well differentiating chromosomes, due, presumably, to a lesser biological significance of the former.

[Functional dimorphism in satellite chromosomes in hamadryas baboons]. / Funktsional'nyi dimorfizm sputnichnykh khromosom pavianov gamadrilov

Dimorphism of satellite chromosomes observed in bone marrow of female as well as male Papio hamadryas, and in continuous cultures of the monkey haemopoetic cells is described. Most frequently the observed dimorphism is expressed in different lengths of satellite arms. The structural dimorphism of satellite chromosomes seen in Macaca, Papio and other genera may seem to originate from different degrees of functional activity of these chromosomes. The active homologue is longer since its satellite arm is less spiralized.

[Chromosome identification in Macaca arctoides based on study of the differential staining pattern (G-discs). Comparison with Papio hamadryas G-discs]. / Identifikatsiia khromosom Macaca arctoides na osnove izucheniia risunka differentsial'nogo okrashivaniia (G-diski). Sravnenie c G-diskami u Papio hamadryas

Linear chromosome differentiation pattern of Macaca arctoides was studied using the Romanovsky-Gimsa stain (G-banding). The possibility of the identification of all chromosome pairs according to these data is demonstrated. The phenomenon of the irregular intercellular and chromosome differentiation is found out and a suggestion is made about its relation to a real mosaic functional activity of cell genomes. A great similarity in linear chromosome differentiation for 2 from 42 studied chromosome types of Macaca arctoides (genus Macaca) and Papio hamadryas (genus Papio) is shown. On the basis of these data it is supposed that in the divergency process of these species the chromosome microaberrations and molecular mutations played an important role, while large chromosome reconstructions were of no importance. The similar G-banding pattern of both metacentric chromosome arms in two species is found and this suggests an isochromosome mechanism of their occurance.