[Challenges and advances in paediatric arterial ischaemic stroke].

Neurological sequelae occur in more than 50% of children with arterial ischemic stroke. Early recognition and treatment are essential in improving outcome. However, diagnostic delay in paediatric stroke often extends beyond 24 hours, and children rarely access hyperacute recanalisation therapies. This review describes clinical presentations, risk factors and treatment of paediatric ischaemic stroke. Additionally, we share our experience from a systematic paediatric stroke pathway implemented in Eastern Denmark since 2017.

[Cervicofacial emphysema and pneumomediastinum after dental treatment]. / Cervikofacialt emfysem og pneumomediastinum efter tandbehandling.

Pneumomediastinum with subcutaneous emphysema is a rarely observed complication of dental treatment. It is a potentially dangerous condition, but the majority of cases are self-limiting and benign. We present a case of pneumomediastinum and cervicofacial emphysema that occurred after dental treatment. The rapid onset of swelling and dyspnoea are often misinterpreted as an allergic reaction to the anaesthesia used during the procedure. Physicians and dentists should be aware that cervicofacial emphysema can cause swelling after dental procedures and may mimic an allergic reaction.

Gastroenteritis and the novel picornaviruses aichi virus, cosavirus, saffold virus, and salivirus in young children.

BACKGROUND: During the last few years many new human picornaviruses have been discovered due to advances in metagenomics and other molecular biological approaches. The clinical significance and the occurrence are only sparsely described. OBJECTIVES: To determine the epidemiology and clinical significance of infections with the novel human picornaviruses, aichi virus, cosavirus, salivirus, and saffold virus in infants in Denmark. STUDY DESIGN: We tested 1393 stool samples from a birth cohort of 454 children for these viruses. Samples were collected at ages 6, 10 and 15 months, and at episodes of gastroenteritis. Samples were tested by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assays. Each study participant had a diary, where the parents reported episodes of disease, including gastroenteritis. RESULTS: Aichi virus, salivirus and saffold virus were detected in 6, 9 and 38 of the children, respectively, but cosavirus was not detected in any of the children. There was a clear seasonal variation with most infections occurring in autumn and winter. A statistically significant association between the findings of salivirus and gastrointestinal disease was demonstrated. There was no association between gastrointestinal disease and the presence of aichi virus or saffold virus. CONCLUSIONS: The newly discovered human picornaviruses aichi virus, saffold virus, and salivirus are circulating in Danish children, with the most common being saffold virus. Saffold virus was seen almost exclusively in the autumn and winter period. Salivirus was the only virus, which was significantly associated with gastroenteritis, although the number of positive samples was rather low.