Amplified neurobehavioral and hormonal alterations following the combination of prenatal and postnatal stress in first-time rats

In the present work, we sought to determine the effects of an individual application of prenatal stress and postnatal stress and their combination on the anxious and locomotor behavior of first-time mother rats. Indeed, three batches of rats were exposed to three types of daily repeated stress: one batch exposed to prenatal restraint stress (SC): 01h a day from day 11 to day 19 of gestation, one batch exposed to postnatal mother prenatal stress (SS): 03h a day from the third to the fourteenth postnatal day (JPN), and one batch exposed to combined restraint stress: 01h from day 11 to day 19 of gestation followed by a postnatal mother separation of 03h a day from the third to fourteenth JPN (CSS); a fourth control batch (T) of female rats that did not undergo any type of stress was also part of our study. At postnatal days 15 and 20, the behavior of the female rats in the four batches was assessed using the Open field Test along with the Plus Maze, and at JPN 30, the female rats were decapitated, the blood of which was collected for plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) level evaluation. Our findings show that all studied behaviors were very highly affected relative to the results of the control batch after individually applying prenatal restraint stress and mother separation. We noticed an intensified anxious behavior in CSS with a significant increase in plasma levels of ACTH.(AU)

Toxic effects of Drimia maritima (Asparagaceae) ethanolic extracts on the mortality, development, sexual behaviour and oviposition behaviour of Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Drimia maritima is a toxic Mediterranean plant and is considered a commercially important drug by its medicinal values and pharmacological properties. In this work, we seek to evaluate the direct and delayed effects of the ethanol extracts of this plant on vinegar fly (Drosophila melanogaster), an excellent laboratory model. The treatment was carried out by ingestion on second-stage larvae (L2) and then we evaluated the impact of this treatment on mortality, development, sexual behaviour, on female's oviposition choice, fecundity, and fertility of adults. The results showed that mortality rates can reach 100% after 15 days of treatment as we recorded an acceleration of the flies' development. After treatment, we observed incomplete nuptial courtship and a significant decrease in eggs laid number and larvae number of the first generation treated. This study indicates that D. maritima ethanolic extract has a neurotoxic property, our results confirmed the presence of toxic secondary metabolites in the extract studied.(AU)

Toxic effects of Drimia maritima (Asparagaceae) ethanolic extracts on the mortality, development, sexual behaviour and oviposition behaviour of Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Drimia maritima is a toxic Mediterranean plant and is considered a commercially important drug by its medicinal values and pharmacological properties. In this work, we seek to evaluate the direct and delayed effects of the ethanol extracts of this plant on vinegar fly (Drosophila melanogaster), an excellent laboratory model. The treatment was carried out by ingestion on second-stage larvae (L2) and then we evaluated the impact of this treatment on mortality, development, sexual behaviour, on female's oviposition choice, fecundity, and fertility of adults. The results showed that mortality rates can reach 100% after 15 days of treatment as we recorded an acceleration of the flies' development. After treatment, we observed incomplete nuptial courtship and a significant decrease in eggs laid number and larvae number of the first generation treated. This study indicates that D. maritima ethanolic extract has a neurotoxic property, our results confirmed the presence of toxic secondary metabolites in the extract studied.

Amplified neurobehavioral and hormonal alterations following the combination of prenatal and postnatal stress in first-time rats

In the present work, we sought to determine the effects of an individual application of prenatal stress and postnatal stress and their combination on the anxious and locomotor behavior of first-time mother rats. Indeed, three batches of rats were exposed to three types of daily repeated stress: one batch exposed to prenatal restraint stress (SC): 01h a day from day 11 to day 19 of gestation, one batch exposed to postnatal mother prenatal stress (SS): 03h a day from the third to the fourteenth postnatal day (JPN), and one batch exposed to combined restraint stress: 01h from day 11 to day 19 of gestation followed by a postnatal mother separation of 03h a day from the third to fourteenth JPN (CSS); a fourth control batch (T) of female rats that did not undergo any type of stress was also part of our study. At postnatal days 15 and 20, the behavior of the female rats in the four batches was assessed using the Open field Test along with the Plus Maze, and at JPN 30, the female rats were decapitated, the blood of which was collected for plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) level evaluation. Our findings show that all studied behaviors were very highly affected relative to the results of the control batch after individually applying prenatal restraint stress and mother separation. We noticed an intensified anxious behavior in CSS with a significant increase in plasma levels of ACTH.

Effects of ethanolic extract of the Cleome arabica on sexual behavior in Wistar rats

Traditional medicinal plants are widely used as immunomodulatory medicines that help improve health. A total of 50 plants used for the treatment of toxicity were screened for their protective effects. Traditional medicinal are globally used and have rapidly grown in economic importance. Intrinsically active compounds are well-known for their antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory activities. The study was conducted to investigate the effects of the ethanolic extract of C. arabica leaves on sexual behavior in Wistar rats. C. arabica, a medicinal plant with a foul odor, toxic, and has hallucinogenic effects. The experimental study was carried out on white rats (male and female) of the Wistar strain from the Pasteur Institute of Algiers (Kouba, Algeria), weighing between 150 and 200g sexually naive. The animals were raised in polyethylene cages and divided into two groups (n = 10 rats/group), which received a saline solution (male and female control group), 0.20µg/ml of the ethanolic extract of C. arabica leaves for seven days orally (male and female treated group). The sexual behavior test was performed according to three types of crossing. The results of the treated groups showed a significant increase in mating frequency compared to the control group. Overall, the results showed that C. arabica significantly affects sexual behavior. The ethanolic extract of C. arabica increased sexual behavior and orientation activity performance recorded in the treated animals. Thus, this study found that C. arabica has a significant effect on the rats' sexual behavior.(AU)

Effects of ethanolic extract of the Cleome arabica on sexual behavior in Wistar rats

Traditional medicinal plants are widely used as immunomodulatory medicines that help improve health. A total of 50 plants used for the treatment of toxicity were screened for their protective effects. Traditional medicinal are globally used and have rapidly grown in economic importance. Intrinsically active compounds are well-known for their antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory activities. The study was conducted to investigate the effects of the ethanolic extract of C. arabica leaves on sexual behavior in Wistar rats. C. arabica, a medicinal plant with a foul odor, toxic, and hash allucinogenic effects. The experimental study was carried out on white rats (male and female) of the Wistar strain from the Pasteur Institute of Algiers (Kouba, Algeria), weighing between 150 and 200g sexually naive. The animals were raised in polyethylene cages and divided into two groups (n = 10 rats/group), which received a saline solution (male and female control group), 0.20µg/ml of the ethanolic extract of C. arabica leaves for seven days orally (male and female treated group). The sexual behavior test was performed according to three types of crossing. The results of the treated groups showed a significant increase in mating frequency compared to the control group. Overall, the results showed that C. arabica significantly affects sexual behavior. The ethanolic extract of C. arabica increased sexual behavior and orientation activity performance recorded in the treated animals. Thus, this study found that C. arabica has a significant effect on the rats' sexual behavior.

Toxic effects of Cleome arabica L. (Capparidaceae) aqueous extracts on mortality and sexual behavior of Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Cleome arabica is a spontaneous plant in arid zones,toxic and has hallucinogenic effects. In this work, we seek toevaluate the direct and delayed effect of the aqueous extractson the vinegar fly Dorsophila melanogaster, laboratory modelpar excellence. Treatment is by ingestion on second instarlarvae (L2). The results show that mortality rates can reach90% after 15 days of treatment as we recorded a disturbanceof fly development. Observation of sexual behavior intreatment-emergent adults indicates that C. arabica actsnegatively on the course of the different sequences leading tomating in Drosophila.(AU)

Toxic effects of Cleome arabica L. (Capparidaceae) aqueous extracts on mortality and sexual behavior of Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Cleome arabica is a spontaneous plant in arid zones,toxic and has hallucinogenic effects. In this work, we seek toevaluate the direct and delayed effect of the aqueous extractson the vinegar fly Dorsophila melanogaster, laboratory modelpar excellence. Treatment is by ingestion on second instarlarvae (L2). The results show that mortality rates can reach90% after 15 days of treatment as we recorded a disturbanceof fly development. Observation of sexual behavior intreatment-emergent adults indicates that C. arabica actsnegatively on the course of the different sequences leading tomating in Drosophila.