Compliance of the COVID-19 prevention protocols on daily activities among adolescents in the period of early adapting new habits, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia.

OBJECTIVE: This research was exploring the activities undertaken and compliance of the COVID-19 prevention protocols among adolescents in the period of adapting new habits. METHODS: This research was a study of prevalence through online surveys among adolescents (12-25 years). There were 190 participants, used probabilistic sampling. Data was collected between 20th-24th June 2020. RESULT: We found it very small that did the domestic and general activities with not comply (0-8%), except family gatherings (14%). The transportation activities were not carried out by most participants who did contact with others, they perform by riding with their own motorbikes alone (80%) did comply. One-third of participants did dine outside, those who did not comply were those who buy/receive food or goods without leaving home (4-7%). Sport, health, and entertainment activities mostly (75%-93%) were not carried out, unless the sport was mostly performed well (82%). CONCLUSION: Adolescents in the COVID-19 pandemic at the beginning of the new habit adaptation largely restrict/did not perform outdoor activities. Those who were conducting their activities implemented prevention protocols.

COVID-19 exposure risk level in daily activity in adapting to new habits in the pandemic period.

Objective: Analyze how the COVID-19 exposure risk level in daily activity in adapting to new habits. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey of the Indonesian adult population. Administered by an online questionnaire. A total of 497 samples, used a probabilistic sampling, collected between 20th and 24th June 2020. The sample lived in 108 districts across all 32 provinces in Indonesia. Result: We found the distribution of COVID-19 exposure risk level in daily activities almost the same was 26.0% of participants had very high risk, 27.4% were high risk, 22.9% were moderate risk, and 23.7% were low risk. Male had activity risk level significantly lower than female (p-value 0.001). There are 14% of participants with a very high level of activity risk living in areas with uncontrolled virus transmission. Conclusion: The risk of COVID-19 transmission occurs through a variety of activities carried out daily. All public meeting places have to consider compliance with health protocol to prevent it.

Prevalence of tuberculosis infection and its relationship to stunting in children (under five years) household contact with new tuberculosis cases.

BACKGROUND: Children who inhabit the same house with tuberculosis (TB) patients are at high risk for infection and illness with TB. Nutritional status (stunting) in children is related to the child's ability to withstand MTB (Mycobacterium Tuberculosis). This study aims to estimated the prevalence of tuberculosis infection and its relationship to stunting in children (under five years) with household contact (HHC) with new TB cases. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was implemented. Conducted in July 2018-April 2019 at 13 Public Health Center in Makassar City. The sample size was calculated using one sample situation-about precision formula. Samples were children under five who had contact with new diagnosed TB cases. Tuberculosis infection was measured by TST (tuberculin skin test). Logistic regression with causal model to examine TB infection relationship with stunting and covariate variable, analyzed using Stata/MP 13.0 software. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-six (126) eligible children. Prevalence of tuberculosis infection was 38.10%. Frequency of stunted was 31 children (24.60%). Stunted nutritional status (aPR): 2.36, 95% CI 1.60-3.44), boys (aPR: 1.47, 95% CI 0.96-2.25), not getting BCG immunization (aPR: 1.58, 95%) CI 0.89-2.82), and high contact intensity (aPR: 2.62, 95% CI 1.10-6.22) best predicted the tuberculosis infection in children with TB case household contacts with a model contribution of 64%. CONCLUSION: Stunted nutritional status (moderate and severe), boys, not getting BCG immunization, and high contact intensity are the determinants of TB infection transmission in children HHC with TB. Children under five years of age who have close contact with TB cases should be targeted for priority interventions to prevent the transmission of TB infection and progressing to TB cases.

Compliance of the COVID-19 prevention protocols on daily activities among adolescents in the period of early adapting new habits, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

Objective: This research was exploring the activities undertaken and compliance of the COVID-19 prevention protocols among adolescents in the period of adapting new habits. Methods: This research was a study of prevalence through online surveys among adolescents (12–25 years). There were 190 participants, used probabilistic sampling. Data was collected between 20th–24th June 2020. Result: We found it very small that did the domestic and general activities with not comply (0–8%), except family gatherings (14%). The transportation activities were not carried out by most participants who did contact with others, they perform by riding with their own motorbikes alone (80%) did comply. One-third of participants did dine outside, those who did not comply were those who buy/receive food or goods without leaving home (4–7%). Sport, health, and entertainment activities mostly (75%–93%) were not carried out, unless the sport was mostly performed well (82%). Conclusion: Adolescents in the COVID-19 pandemic at the beginning of the new habit adaptation largely restrict/did not perform outdoor activities. Those who were conducting their activities implemented prevention protocols. (AU)