Circulating mir-21 and mir-146a are associated with increased cytokines and CD36 in Algerian obese male participants.

BACKGROUND: The microRNAs have come up as crucial mediators of energy balance and metabolic control. CD36 is potential biomarker of obesity and metabolic syndrome. This study investigates the concentration of miR-146a and miR-21 and CD 36 in blood samples of obese and healthy young participants. We assessed the association of mir-146a and mir-21 with inflammatory states in Algerian young participants. METHODS: Our study included male obese, without co-morbidities (n = 29), and healthy participants (n = 13). miRNA and CD36 expression was measured by real-time RT-PCR, respectively, in serum and blood. RESULTS: miR-146a and miR-21 concentrations were significantly decreased; however, CD36 expression was increased in obese subjects. Interestingly, miR-146a and miR-21 concentrations were negatively correlated to IL-6, TNF-α, and CD36 in obese participants. CONCLUSION: We demonstrate that the downregulation of miR-146a and miR-21 was associated with upregulation of inflammatory state and increased CD36 expression in obese participants.

[Cardiometabolic and cardiorenal syndromes interactions in Algerian diabetic-hypertensive patient: interest of predictive multi-biomarkers strategy to renal dysfunction]. / Interactions entre le syndrome cardiométabolique et le syndrome cardiorénal chez le patient algérien hypertendu-diabétique : intérêt d'une stratégie multi-biomarqueurs prédictive d'une dysfonction rénale.

UNLABELLED: The coexistence of essential hypertension (EH) in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients greatly enhances chronic kidney disease. OBJECTIVES: To assess the acute renal dysfunction in two cohorts of diabetic-hypertensive subjects. The inaugural pathology for each group is either T2D or EH. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was undertaken on 506 subjects who were divided in 5 groups according to age and sex: diabetic, hypertensive, diabetic- hypertensive (DH and HD) and healthy groups. Patients were phenotyped regarding their cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) profile using the NCEP/ATPIII criteria and cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) according to the International kidney foundation. Hypertension was defined as systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg, respectively. Insulin resistance (IR) was assessed by Homa-IR model. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by creatinine clearance. CMS and CRS parameters were determined on Cobas®. The SBP and DBP measurements by electronic blood pressure using Omron 705 CP® type. RESULTS: IR was found in all diabetics and hypertensive patients. Dyslipidemia are correlated to % body fat mass accretion in all groups. In DH group, the renal disorder is confirmed by decreased GFR (30%) and increased microalbuminuria (> 30 mg/24h); associated with increased NT-pro BNP and plasma aldosterone depletion. CONCLUSION: Several biomarkers are necessary to detection kidney disease and renal failure prevention in diabetic patients to hypertensive state. The renal dysfunction was significantly related to T2D-EH disease.

Implication of corticotropic hormone axis in eating behaviour pattern in obese and type 2 diabetic participants.

In Algeria, eating behaviour has been increasingly deviated from its traditional Mediterranean diet to modern fast food style. The present study examines the interactions between eating behaviour pattern (EBP), corticotropic hormone axis and the metabolic syndrome. Our Algerian population cohort comprised of 410 participants (130 obese, 170 type 2 diabetics and 110 healthy participants). The EBP was evaluated by the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire test. The anthropometric and metabolic parameters (glucose, TAG, HDL, LDL and cholesterol) and the concentrations of hormones (insulin, adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), cortisol and growth hormone) were determined by biometrics, spectrophotometry and RIA, respectively. Multivariate analyses showed a high correlation between the EBP and the metabolic syndrome, particularly between insulin-resistant state and hypertrophy of visceral adipose tissue. Compared with healthy participants, obese ones showed the hyperphagic type of EBP, i.e. disinhibition and hunger disorders. Conversely, the diabetics showed both the hypophagic and hyperphagic type of EBP. In diabetic and obese participants, cortisol and ACTH secretions were significantly altered, leading to metabolic disorders. The present study confirms the role of EBP in obesity and diabetes.

[Pathophysiological characterization of metabolic syndrome in overweight, obese and type 2 diabetic Algerian subjects: interest of adipokines as dysmetabolic biomarkers]. / Caractérisation physiopathologique du syndrome métabolique chez les sujets algériens en surpoids, obèses et diabétiques de type 2 : intérêt des adipokines comme biomarqueurs dysmétaboliques.

UNLABELLED: The body fat accretion (BFA) is correlated to energy homeostasis and/or hemodynamic dysfunction, being mediated by insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and recently by adipokines. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we investigated the associations between metabolic syndrome markers and the secretion disturbs of leptin, adiponectin and resistin during overweight (OW), obesity (OB) and type 2 diabetes de type 2 (T2DM) stages. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was undertaken on 240 subjects who were divided in 3 groups: overweight, obese and diabetic groups, according to age, sex and the BMI value. The metabolic syndrome was investigated according to the NCEP/ATPIII criteria. Insulin resistance was assessed by HOMA model. Metabolic parameters were determined on Cobas®. Adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay on human ELISA reader - Biotek ELX 800. RESULTS: The adipokines secretion is influenced by the adipose tissue accretion and insulin resistance state. The BFA in OB and OW subjects is positively correlated to the increase of serum leptin, whereas the serum adiponectin is reduced. The serum adipokines profile is modulated differently between men and women, particularly for leptin. Resistin secretion follows the evolution of leptinemia. CONCLUSION: It appears that adipokines as major dysmetabolic biomarkers, and can be considered as relevant biological tools in the diagnosis of cardiovascular and T2DM predictive risk in overweight and obese subjects.