Effect of Giving Traditional Drinks Kameko and Pongasih from Southeast Sulawesi on Sperm Quality of Mice (Mus musculus).

<b>Background and Objective:</b> The traditional beverage of Southeast Sulawesi is Kameko and Pongasih, which is a traditional alcoholic beverage. One of the bad effects of alcohol on reproductive health is the occurrence of infertility. This research aimed to determine the effect of consuming traditional beverages of Kameko and Pongasih on the quality of sperm of mice (<i>Mus musculus</i>). <b>Materials and Methods:</b> This research used a true experiment. The samples were some healthy mice (<i>Mus musculus</i>) aged 6-8 weeks as much 24 tails and divided into 4 groups. On the 36th day after the treatment was completed, the mice were terminated and prepared for microscopic sperm quality analysis. The quality of sperm includes motility, viability, concentration and morphology. The data test uses the Shapiro-Wilk Test, One-way ANOVA and <i>post hoc</i> LSD Test. <b>Results:</b> Kameko traditional beverage had a significant influence on sperm quality with motility, morphology, sperm concentration (p = 0.000) and viability (p = 0.001). Pongasih traditional beverage has a significant influence on sperm quality with motility parameter, morphology, sperm concentration (p = 0.000) and viability (p = 0.001). Kameko and Pongasih traditional beverages did not have a significant difference in sperm quality with motility parameter (p = 0.463), viability (p = 1.000), morphology (p = 0.553) and amount of concentration (p = 0.714). <b>Conclusion:</b> South East Sulawesi traditional beverages Kameko and Pongasih have effects on mice's (<i>Mus musculus</i>) sperm quality, but there was no difference in the group of mice which have been given Kameko and Pongasih.

Enhancement of Cluster Differentiation Antigen 4 and the Body Mass Index in Patients with HIV.

<b>Background and Objective:</b> The HIV is the virus that can cause AIDS by attacking white blood cells such as T cells CD4⁺. This study aimed to determine the relationship between antiretroviral (ARV) drugs and supplements of black tea (<i>Camellia sinensis</i> var. <i>assamica</i>) powder to increase the CD4 and Body Mass Index (BMI) in patients with HIV. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> This study used a quasi-experiment. From the average number of 10 patient visits every month in the period of January to March, 2021 in the outpatient clinic for patients diagnosed positive with HIV-AIDS, seventy patients were enlisted and divided into 2 groups from 12 districts, 35 groups intervention received ARV drugs and supplements steeping black tea powder form as much as 1,505 mg, equivalent to 5-7 glasses a 1,000-1,400 mL/day for 24 weeks, while the control group of patients received ARV drugs, standard diet each house and nutrition education. <b>Results:</b> This study showed a BMI before the intervention control group's 1st week 19.31±2.17 and after the intervention for 24 weeks, a BMI of 18.78±2.42. CD4 levels before the intervention, the 1st week were 380.57±78.63 and after the intervention for 24 weeks, 365.74±81.13 in this case either BMI or CD4 did not experience significant improvements. While the intervention group before the intervention 1st week BMI was 21.61±3.32 and after the intervention for 24 weeks, 22.2±3.19 or increased significantly (p = 0.002) and the levels of CD4 in the 1st week before the intervention, 360.91±221.20 and after the intervention for 24 weeks, 425.14±178.87 or increased significantly (p = 0.003). <b>Conclusion:</b> The ARV therapy and black tea powder significantly increased levels of CD4 and BMI HIV sufferers through the improvement of the status of T-cell immunity and body mass index.