RESUMO
Hybrid genome-mining/15N-NMR was used to target compounds containing piperazate (Piz) residues, leading to the discovery of caveamides A (1) and B (2) from Streptomyces sp. strain BE230, isolated from New Rankin Cave (Missouri). Caveamides are highly dynamic molecules containing an unprecedented ß-ketoamide polyketide fragment, two Piz residues, and a new N-methyl-cyclohexenylalanine residue. Caveamide B (2) exhibited nanomolar cytotoxicity against several cancer cell lines and nanomolar antimicrobial activity against MRSA and E. coli.
Assuntos
Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina , Streptomyces , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Streptomyces/química , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/isolamento & purificação , Alanina/química , Alanina/farmacologia , Alanina/análogos & derivados , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Peptídeos/química , Peptídeos/farmacologia , Peptídeos/isolamento & purificação , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , PiridazinasRESUMO
Entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium majus contains the nine-gene PPZ cluster, with ppzA, encoding a peramine-producing nonribosomal peptide synthetase, as the central component. In this work, the roles of two α-ketoglutarate, iron-dependent oxygenases encoded by the PPZ genes ppzC and ppzD were elucidated. PpzD was found to produce both trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline and trans-3-hydroxy-l-proline in a 13.1:1 ratio, yielding a key precursor for peramine biosynthesis. PpzC was found to act directly on peramine, yielding the novel analogue 8-hydroxyperamine.
