The Role of Transcatheter Arterial Embolization in Traumatic Pelvic Hemorrhage: Not Only Pelvic Fracture.

PURPOSE: The most common life-threatening complication of pelvic trauma is bleeding. Arterial bleedings frequently require active management, preferably with transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). Hemodynamic instability and/or contrast extravasation at computer tomography (CT) examination are reliable indicators of arterial injury. Unstable pelvic fractures are much more hemorrhagic than stable fractures. Nevertheless, an absent or isolated pelvic fracture does not exclude pelvic hemorrhage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on our institutional database by collecting data of patients who underwent pelvic angiography and/or embolization due to pelvic blunt trauma in the period between August 2010 and August 2015. RESULTS: In a period of five years, 39 patients with traumatic pelvic bleeding underwent angiography at our institution. Thirty-six of the 39 (92%) patients did show CT signs of active pelvic bleeding. Nineteen of 39 (49%) patients were hemodynamically unstable at presentation. Three of the 39 patients did not require embolization. Technical success was 35/36 (97%), and overall mortality was 3/39 (8%). Notably, 5/39 (13%) patients did not have any pelvic fracture at presentation, and 18/39 (46%) had only isolated or stable pelvic ring fracture. CONCLUSIONS: TAE is an effective technique to treat arterial pelvic bleeding after trauma. The absence of a major pelvic fracture does not exclude the risk of active bleeding requiring prompt treatment.

Sequential endovascular thrombectomy approach (SETA) to acute ischemic stroke: preliminary single-centre results and cost analysis.

INTRODUCTION: We report the preliminary results of a single-centre experience in the endovascular treatment (ET) of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with a sequential endovascular thrombectomy approach (SETA), which comprehends a direct aspiration first-pass technique (ADAPT) eventually followed by stent retriever thrombectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively analyzed data from 16 patients with severe to moderate AIS and CT angiography demonstration of large intracranial vessel occlusion treated with SETA between July 2013 and March 2014. We evaluated recanalization rate, clinical outcome after 90 days as well as differential costs of aspiration and stent-assisted thrombectomy. RESULTS: A group of 16 patients met the eligibility criteria to undergo ET with a baseline NIHSS score of 22 (range 12-39). In 15/16 cases, we obtained target vessel recanalization, 11 cases with ADAPT technique alone. Modified rankin score (mRS) at 90 days follow-up was ≤2 in 9/16 patients (56%). ADAPT technique had a lower device-related cost than stent-assisted thrombectomy leading to an overall saving of -2,747.28 . CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary data suggest that a SETA beginning with direct aspiration could be useful to optimize ET of stroke in terms of invasiveness, safety and cost-effectiveness allowing recanalization with low complication rate.