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1.
Drug Metab Pers Ther ; 38(2): 199-207, 2023 06 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36883753

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Catha edulis (Vahl) Forssk. ex Endl. (Khat) is a stimulant plant that contains cathine and cathinone, which its abuses induce euphoria, alertness, and motor activity. Since the toxicokinetics of these substances remain unclear, this study was carried out to investigate the disposition kinetics of cathine and cathinone, the neurotransmitter profile, following a single dose of C. edulis extract in rats. METHODS: Twenty-four adult male Wistar albino rats (250-300 g) were randomly selected and divided into six groups of four rats each. All groups received a single oral dose of 2,000 mg/kg body weight, and blood and tissue samples from the brain, lung, heart, liver, and kidney were obtained at intervals of 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 12, and 24 h. The cathine and cathinone concentrations were identified and quantified using ion trap ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-IT/MS). The neurotransmitter profile was detected using the quadrupole time of flight UPLC-QTOF/MS method. RESULTS: The lung, liver, and heart tissues attained the highest levels of cathine, while the highest level of cathinone was determined in the heart. Cathine and cathinone concentrations in the blood and heart peaked at 0.5 h. The concentrations peaked in the brain 2.5 h later, indicating that the heart had an immediate effect, whereas the brain had a longer-lasting one. They have longer half-lives (2.68 and 5.07 h, respectively) and may remain in the brain for longer durations (3.31 and 2.31 h, respectively). The neurotransmitters epinephrine, dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin were detected in a delayed, prolonged and organ-specific manner. CONCLUSIONS: Cathine and cathinone were deposited in considerable concentrations in all tissues analyzed, with the highest Cmax in the lung and Tmax in the heart tissues but not in the brain. In addition, neurotransmitters such as adrenaline, dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin were differentially detected in all tested samples in a organ-specific fashion. More study is needed to identify cathine and cathinone's effects on neurotransmitter profiles. Nevertheless, these findings provided a further basis for experimental, clinical, and forensic investigations.


Assuntos
Catha , Dopamina , Ratos , Animais , Catha/química , Cinética , Serotonina , Ratos Wistar , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Norepinefrina , Epinefrina
2.
J Blood Med ; 13: 447-459, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36062061

RESUMO

Objective: The present investigation aims on the clinical attributes and haematological parameters between symptomatic (COVID-19 ICU) and asymptomatic (COVID-19 homes isolation) patients as predisposing sign for COVID-19 related mortality. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort research was conducted of admitted patients to ICU, who were suffering from severe COVID-19 in Aseer Central Hospital, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) from July 2020 until September 2020. The study included individuals with COVID -19 and ICU admission as symptomatic group and others who are COVID-19 positives with quarantine as asymptomatic group. Epidemiological, clinical and haematological laboratory data were retrospectively collected, analysed with control subjects. Results: Of the 38 ICU patients studied, the most common symptoms were fever and respiratory distress (100%), cough (86.8%). Majority were of Saudi origin (78.9%). Eighteen (47.4%) COVID-19 ICU patients showed leukocytosis, 6 (15.8%) had severe thrombocytopenia (with most having thrombocytopenia), 18 (47.4%) were anaemic. A significant correlation was observed between the WBC, RBC, Hb, platelets, neutrophil and lymphocyte count between ICU inmates compared with quarantine (p < 0.001) and RBC, Hb, neutrophil and lymphocyte count with control groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion: From the observations it is evident that, the blood tests have potential clinical value in predicting COVID-19 progression. Further, patient characteristics including age, leukocyte count, RBC, platelets and differential leukocyte counts may be significant predictors for monitoring the progression of the critical illness observed in SARS-COV-2 patients. Also, treatment procedures can be re-defined further to reduce COVID-19 mortalities in more critically ill COVID-19 individuals.

3.
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol ; 49(4): 483-491, 2022 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35066912

RESUMO

Progress in the study of Covid-19 disease in rodents has been hampered by the lack of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2; virus entry route to the target cell) affinities for the virus spike proteins across species. Therefore, we sought to determine whether a modified protocol of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome in rats can mimic both cell signalling pathways as well as severe disease phenotypes of Covid-19 disease. Rats were injected via intratracheal (IT) instillation with either 15 mg/kg of LPS (model group) or saline (control group) before being killed after 3 days. A severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like effect was observed in the model group as demonstrated by the development of a "cytokine storm" (>2.7 fold increase in blood levels of IL-6, IL-17A, GM-CSF, and TNF-α), high blood ferritin, demonstrable coagulopathy, including elevated D-dimer (approximately 10-fold increase), PAI-1, PT, and APTT (p < 0.0001). In addition, LPS increased the expression of lung angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R)-JAK-STAT axis (>4 fold increase). Chest imaging revealed bilateral small patchy opacities of the lungs. Severe lung injury was noted by the presence of both, alveolar collapse and haemorrhage, desquamation of epithelial cells in the airway lumen, infiltration of inflammatory cells (CD45+ leukocytes), widespread thickening of the interalveolar septa, and ultrastructural alterations similar to Covid-19. Thus, these findings demonstrate that IT injection of 15 mg/kg LPS into rats, induced an AT1R/JAK/STAT-mediated cytokine storm with resultant pneumonia and coagulopathy that was commensurate with moderate and severe Covid-19 disease noted in humans.


Assuntos
Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/etiologia , Transtornos da Coagulação Sanguínea/etiologia , COVID-19/patologia , Síndrome da Liberação de Citocina/etiologia , Hemorragia/etiologia , Lipopolissacarídeos/efeitos adversos , Pneumopatias/etiologia , Receptor Tipo 1 de Angiotensina/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição STAT/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/patologia , Animais , Transtornos da Coagulação Sanguínea/patologia , COVID-19/etiologia , Síndrome da Liberação de Citocina/patologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Hemorragia/patologia , Janus Quinases , Pneumopatias/patologia , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar
4.
Drug Metab Pers Ther ; 36(4): 295-298, 2021 05 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34821129

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Khat (Catha edulis) is a stimulant plant, and it is abusive to induce euphoria, alertness and activity. Concomitant use of medications and khat chewing predisposes to the appearance of drug interactions result in treatment failure or toxicity. This study determined the changes in the urinary inorganic profile in adult healthy males who are chewing khat compared with non-khat chewer males. METHODS: A total of 40 adult non-smoker healthy males (20 khat chewer and 20 non-khat chewer) aged 24-30 years were selected. Khat chewer samples were positive for cathinone and cathine and negative for other drug of abuse, while non-khat chewer samples were negative for drug of abuse include cathinone and cathine. Samples were selected according to their results in immunoassay and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis. Cathine and cathinone were confirmed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MSMS) analysis. Inorganic profile includes titanium (Ti), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) were determined by using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). RESULTS: The levels of Ti, Co, Zn, Cd, and Pb in urine were significantly higher among the khat chewer group compared with non-khat chewer. Ti, Cd, Co, Pb and Zn urine levels were 0.5-, 1.5-, 1.15-, 5-, and 8.2-fold higher in the khat chewer group compared to non-khat chewer, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We suggested that continuous khat chewing has a long term effect on metabolic pathway of therapeutic drugs that result in toxicity or failure of therapy.


Assuntos
Catha , Mastigação , Adulto , Catha/efeitos adversos , Catha/química , Cromatografia Líquida , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem
5.
Drug Metab Pers Ther ; 2021 May 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33951761

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Khat (Catha edulis) is a stimulant plant, and it is abusive to induce euphoria, alertness and activity. Concomitant use of medications and khat chewing predisposes to the appearance of drug interactions result in treatment failure or toxicity. This study determined the changes in the urinary inorganic profile in adult healthy males who are chewing khat compared with non-khat chewer males. METHODS: A total of 40 adult non-smoker healthy males (20 khat chewer and 20 non-khat chewer) aged 24-30 years were selected. Khat chewer samples were positive for cathinone and cathine and negative for other drug of abuse, while non-khat chewer samples were negative for drug of abuse include cathinone and cathine. Samples were selected according to their results in immunoassay and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis. Cathine and cathinone were confirmed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MSMS) analysis. Inorganic profile includes titanium (Ti), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) were determined by using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). RESULTS: The levels of Ti, Co, Zn, Cd, and Pb in urine were significantly higher among the khat chewer group compared with non-khat chewer. Ti, Cd, Co, Pb and Zn urine levels were 0.5-, 1.5-, 1.15-, 5-, and 8.2-fold higher in the khat chewer group compared to non-khat chewer, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We suggested that continuous khat chewing has a long term effect on metabolic pathway of therapeutic drugs that result in toxicity or failure of therapy.

6.
Saudi Med J ; 41(7): 757-762, 2020 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32601646

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the presence of toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes (TORCH) infections in women attending at the antenatal care clinic in Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods: A total of 190 blood samples were collected from Abha maternity hospital in Aseer region, KSA, from February 2018 to May 2019 and screened with the TORCH panel (toxoplasmagondii [IgG/IgM], cytomegalovirus [CMV] [IgG/IgM], rubella [IgG/IgM], and herpes simplex type 1 and 2 [IgG/IgM]). RESULTS: The mean age was 31.42±6.514 years and gestational age was 32.48±6.168 weeks. Serum IgG was positive for Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) (27.4%), herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) (94.7%), herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2) (0.5%), CMV (100%), and rubella (88.9%). Serum IgM was positive only for CMV (9.5%). Though, there was an association between abortions from previous pregnancies (26.5%), intrauterine death (5.8%), premature labor (3.2%), microcephaly (1.6%), other congenital diseases (1.6%) and low birth weight (0.5%) with current IgG positivity for TORCH infections, the results were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Seropositivity for IgG antibodies correlate with TORCH-associated pregnancy complications in Abha, KSA; however, IgM positive CMV pregnant cases warrant further systematic investigation to understand the implications of CMV on outcomes during pregnancy.


Assuntos
Instituições de Assistência Ambulatorial/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções por Citomegalovirus/epidemiologia , Herpes Simples/epidemiologia , Maternidades/estatística & dados numéricos , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Cuidado Pré-Natal , Rubéola (Sarampo Alemão)/epidemiologia , Toxoplasmose/epidemiologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Arábia Saudita/epidemiologia , Toxoplasma , Toxoplasmose/parasitologia , Adulto Jovem
7.
Saudi Pharm J ; 28(6): 703-709, 2020 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32550802

RESUMO

A number of illegal amphetamine tablets were seized from three different cities of Jazan province of southern Saudi Arabia and were analyzed for amphetamine and methamphetamine contents using LC-MS/MS technique. Analyses were performed using a previously reported method taking 0.1 M ammonium formate buffer (85%) and 15% acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid as mobile phase with a total runtime of 12 min. This method was successfully applied for the routine analysis of amphetamine and methamphetamine in the seized tablets using amphetamine-D5 and methamphetamine-D5 as internal standards. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to establish the similarity between samples. The retention times (RT) for internal standard, amphetamine and methamphetamine were observed to be within 6.0-7.1 min. Ten tablet samples from each city were subjected to analysis and the amount of amphetamine in all the samples were found to be in the range of 9.07-14.77 mg, whereas, the amount of methamphetamine ranged from 0.12 to 0.24 mg in each tablet. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed presence of five clusters of samples indicating different characteristics and possible sources of amphetamine tablets. The largest cluster consisted of 15 samples which are expected to be of the same origin. Both amphetamine and methamphetamine are considered to be illegal products and their illegal trade and use is banned in many countries including Saudi Arabia. Therefore, there is an urgent need of strict regulations worldwide to check the illicit trafficking of these psychoactive substances and should be considered on priority.

8.
BMC Infect Dis ; 20(1): 26, 2020 Jan 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31918671

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Human brucellosis is an infectious zoonotic disease caused by Brucella spp. It is one of the most public health problems that remains largely neglected in developing counties, including Saudi Arabia. Brucellosis is particularly prevalent among rural people who have constant contact with livestock. METHODS: A cross-sectional sero-epidemiological study conducted in Aseer Central Hospital, South Saudi Arabia, between 2014 and 2018 among 7567 patients. Serum samples were analyzed for Brucella antibodies using slide agglutination test. Serology results and patient's demographic data were analyzed by GraphPad Prism. Results were presented as mean ± SEM and differences between two groups were assessed by t-test and p < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The prevalence of brucellosis among the admitted suspected 7567 cases was 12.8% (10.4-15.7%; CI 95%). The highest prevalence rate was detected during 2015, the rate decreased to the lowest level during the last three years (p < 0.05). Higher rate of brucellosis was observed among males than females (p < 0.05) and most cases were reported during summer season (p < 0.05). The highest prevalence rate was observed in age group 21-40 year old (40.5%) followed by 41-60 years (27.7%). The lowest prevalence rate was noticed in old and young children (15 and 3%, respectively). Cross-transmission of brucellosis was seen within family (1%) and high titers (> 1280) was noticed in 22% of the hospitalized patients. The major symptoms were fatigue, hyperhidrosis, fever and joint pain. CONCLUSION: Our findings showed a high prevalence of human brucellosis among suspected patients in Aseer region. This indicates that clinical suspicion is a valid criterion and the endemic nature of the disease. The disease status requires early laboratory detection and confirmation to start prompt treatment to decrease patients suffering.


Assuntos
Brucella/imunologia , Brucelose/epidemiologia , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Testes de Aglutinação , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Brucelose/microbiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Gado/microbiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , População Rural , Arábia Saudita/epidemiologia , Estações do Ano , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Adulto Jovem , Zoonoses/microbiologia
9.
Med Mycol ; 58(2): 264-267, 2020 Feb 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31111900

RESUMO

Basidiobolus species were isolated from colonic biopsy samples of patients with gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis (GIB) in southern Saudi Arabia. Isolated fungi were initially identified using classical mycological tools and confirmed by sequence analysis of the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene. Phenotypic tests revealed zygomycete-like fungi which conform to those of Basidiobolus species. Five sequenced strains formed a monophyletic clade in the 28S ribosomal RNA gene phylogenetic tree. They shared 99.97% similarity with B. haptosporus and 99.97% with B. haptosporus var. minor, and relatively lower similarity with B. ranarum (99.925%). The study suggests a new and a serious causal agent of GIB related to Basidiobolus haptosporus. These isolates are not related to B. ranarum, which is commonly linked to this disease.


Assuntos
Colo/microbiologia , Entomophthorales/classificação , Filogenia , Zigomicose/microbiologia , Biópsia , Colo/patologia , Entomophthorales/genética , Entomophthorales/patogenicidade , Gastroenteropatias/microbiologia , Humanos , RNA Ribossômico 28S/genética , Arábia Saudita , Zigomicose/diagnóstico
10.
Arab J Gastroenterol ; 17(1): 41-4, 2016 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27067921

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Coeliac disease (CD) is a gluten-induced autoimmune inflammation of small bowel villi, leading to atrophy and malabsorption. The current study aims to assess the prevalence of CD in high-risk subjects in the Aseer region, southwest of Saudi Arabia and to investigate the associated presentations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective case-finding study of the laboratory records for a 3-year period (2009-2012) at the main tertiary hospital (Aseer Central Hospital). Serum anti-tissue transglutaminase (atTG) and endomysial antibody (EmA) levels were determined along with small intestinal histopathological examination. RESULTS: The proportion of cases that tested positive for at least one coeliac antibody marker was 18.4% (58/315). Forty cases underwent endoscopic examination during the analysis, among which 22 were confirmed to have CD. The individual antibody positivity for atTG and EmA was 17.5% and 15.6%, respectively. The most common clinical condition (47%) associated with these markers was type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Interestingly, gastrointestinal presentations constituted only 11.5%. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of CD among hospital requests, including non-gastrointestinal symptomatic patients, at the Aseer main tertiary hospital seems to be high. Determining the prevalence of CD and also investigating the high-risk group commonly affected by CD warrant more screening studies.


Assuntos
Doença Celíaca/sangue , Doença Celíaca/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Autoanticorpos/sangue , Estatura , Doença Celíaca/patologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/epidemiologia , Feminino , Proteínas de Ligação ao GTP/imunologia , Humanos , Hipotireoidismo/epidemiologia , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Proteína 2 Glutamina gama-Glutamiltransferase , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Arábia Saudita/epidemiologia , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Transglutaminases/imunologia , Adulto Jovem
11.
Saudi Med J ; 37(4): 386-91, 2016 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27052281

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the seroprevalence of coexisting autoantibodies among type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients, and to look for possible correlations with age at diagnosis, diabetes duration, and glycemic control. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at Aseer Central Hospital, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from March 2013 to June 2014. A total of 202 T1DM patients were screened for serum anti-thyroglobulin (TG), anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO), anti-tissue transglutaminase (aTTG), anti-endomysial (EMA), and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies along with glycated hemoglobin, and biometric data. RESULTS: From the 202 T1DM patients (96 males, and 106 females) (mean age: 11.3 years), 33 (16.3%) were positive for thyroid autoantibodies. Specifically, 19 (9.4%) were positive for TG and 25 (12.8%) were positive for TPO, and 11 were double positive. There were 21 (10.4%) patients that showed a double positive for both aTTG-IgA and EMA, and only one case of T1DM was positive for anti-CCP. No significant correlations were noticed between the presence of autoantibodies and the age at diagnosis, diabetes duration, body mass index, and glycemic control. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of thyroid and celiac disease autoantibodies is high among T1DM patients, while anti-CCP remains low and might be weakly associated with T1DM in the southwestern region of Saudi Arabia. No significant correlation between the age at T1DM diagnosis, duration, and glycemic control, and the presence of autoantibodies was found.


Assuntos
Autoanticorpos/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/sangue , Proteínas de Ligação ao GTP/imunologia , Iodeto Peroxidase/imunologia , Peptídeos Cíclicos/imunologia , Transglutaminases/imunologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina A/sangue , Lactente , Masculino , Proteína 2 Glutamina gama-Glutamiltransferase , Arábia Saudita , Adulto Jovem
12.
Ann Saudi Med ; 35(6): 475-8, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26657234

RESUMO

Tilletiopsis minor, a blastoconidia-forming yeast, was isolated from a 4-year-old boy suffering from severe pneumonia. Chest x-rays revealed the progression of widespread and multiple nodular lesions, nonsymmetrical interstitial and airspace infiltrates, and consolidations. Creamy yellow, irregular, wrinkled yeast-like organisms were isolated from the pleural fluid specimens when cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar for 5 days and incubated at 30°C. Microscopically, the organisms showed broad, irregular filaments with blastoconidia but no budding cells. Manual bench tests and automated phenotypic analyses failed to recognize the organism. This unique and rare organism (AB7-11; DSM 29469) was identified using the sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. It showed a precise alignment with the type strains of T minor. Subsequent to this diagnosis, and the earlier nonre.sponse to vancomycin and meropenem, the patient was put on liposomal amphotericin. However, the condition continued to deteriorate, and then, intravenous voriconazole was added to control the infection. Finally, the patient's condition improved, and he was discharged in good condition after 1 month of stay in the hospital.


Assuntos
Basidiomycota/isolamento & purificação , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/diagnóstico , Derrame Pleural/diagnóstico , Pneumonia/diagnóstico , Anfotericina B/administração & dosagem , Anfotericina B/uso terapêutico , Antifúngicos/administração & dosagem , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/microbiologia , Masculino , Derrame Pleural/tratamento farmacológico , Derrame Pleural/microbiologia , Pneumonia/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumonia/microbiologia , Arábia Saudita , Voriconazol/administração & dosagem , Voriconazol/uso terapêutico
13.
Saudi J Ophthalmol ; 29(4): 255-8, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26586974

RESUMO

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify the association of normal bacterial flora with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) occurrence in VKC and non-VKC groups. METHODS: Conjunctival specimens were collected from 18 VKC patients and 22 healthy controls, cultured and identified following standard methods. The association between the presence of bacteria and occurrence of VKC was analyzed using Chi square statistic. RESULTS: Comparable bacterial growth was observed in VKC (77.8%) as well as control group (77.2%) (p = 0.970). Analysis of individual bacterial revealed that Staphylococcus aureus was detected more frequently in VKC (27.78% vs. 4.55% in control, p = 0.041) and Staphylococcus epidermidis was found much more commonly in the control eyes (45.45% in control vs. 5.56% in VKC, p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: An aggravating role of S. aureus colonization in the occurrence of VKC, and a possible role of S. epidermidis against the occurrence of VKC were concluded.

14.
Med Mycol Case Rep ; 10: 11-3, 2015 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26858932

RESUMO

A zygomycetous fungus was observed in a biopsy of a 9-year-old male. The patient was presented with severe cutaneous lesions subsequent to a traumatic car accident. Following fungal detection, antifungal treatment was prescribed but condition deteriorated rapidly and above knee amputation was done as lifesaving and to control fungal infection. Analysis of the 28 S rRNA gene (accession KT149770) aligned the isolate with members of the genus Apophysomyces and the pathogen was identified as Apophysomces variabilis.

15.
Saudi Med J ; 35(10): 1210-4, 2014 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25316465

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To isolate, identify, and determine the prevalence of Candida and other yeasts of clinical importance in Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study involving retrospective analysis of 6100 samples submitted to the Microbiology Laboratory, Aseer Central Hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia between 2011 and 2012, and prospective isolation and identification of 84 isolates recovered from various clinical specimens presented to the Microbiology Laboratory between 2012 and 2013 using the classic morphological schemes and the Vitek 2 automated system. RESULTS: The results of the retrospective analysis (2011-2012) indicated that of the 6100 various clinical specimens submitted to the routine microbiology analysis, 143 (2.35%) revealed the presence of Candida spp. The distribution of the 143 Candida spp according to specimens was as follows: urine 72%, sputum 10.5%, endotracheal tube 7%, blood 4.2%, catheter tip 2.1%, throat swab 2.1%, eye swab 0.7%, wound exudates 0.7%, and cerebrospinal fluid 0.7%. The results of the prospective study (2012-2013), which involved the identification of yeast recovered from 84 specimens indicated that Candida albicans 28.6% was the predominant species, followed by Candida parapsilosis 21.4%, Candida tropicalis 14.3%, and Candida lusitaniae 9.5%. CONCLUSIONS: Along with the commonly encountered Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, and Candida lusitaniae were detected with significant rates. Many other Candida species and some other pathogenic yeasts have been detected for the first time in the region. Urinary tract samples were the main source of Candida species.


Assuntos
Candida albicans/isolamento & purificação , Candida tropicalis/isolamento & purificação , Candidíase/microbiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/microbiologia , Infecções Urinárias/microbiologia , Candida/isolamento & purificação , Candidemia/epidemiologia , Candidemia/microbiologia , Candidíase/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Infecções Oculares Fúngicas/epidemiologia , Infecções Oculares Fúngicas/microbiologia , Humanos , Micoses/epidemiologia , Micoses/microbiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Arábia Saudita/epidemiologia , Infecções Urinárias/epidemiologia , Infecção dos Ferimentos/epidemiologia , Infecção dos Ferimentos/microbiologia
16.
Saudi Med J ; 34(6): 644-7, 2013 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23756931

RESUMO

This study aimed to clarify the taxonomic position of an actinomycete isolated from an HIV-positive male patient with pulmonary complications in Asir, southern region of Saudi Arabia. The strain was found to have phenotypic properties typical of nocardiae and 16S rRNA gene analysis clustered the isolate with Nocardia wallacei (accession KC677696) in the phylogenetic branch of the amikacin resistance Nocardia transvalensis complex. We consider that nocardiosis is usually missed or misdiagnosed clinically and recognition of these bacteria based on phenotypic tests is strenuous, but definitive identification is attainable by molecular methods.


Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/complicações , Nocardia/isolamento & purificação , Pneumonia/complicações , Infecções por HIV/microbiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nocardia/classificação , Nocardia/genética , Filogenia , Pneumonia/microbiologia , RNA Bacteriano/genética , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética
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