Assessment of the Cytotoxic Activity of Alcoholic Extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis on Breast Cancer Cell Line.

The spread of different types of cancer has been on a rise in the recent century. The use of chemical medications develops drug resistance and causes serious side effects. Eucalyptus camaldulensis (E. camaldulensis) is one of the most famous herbal remedies considered owing to its anti-inflammatory effect and boosting the intimate immune system; moreover, it has demonstrated some anti-proliferative effects on cancerous cell lines. The current study assessed the cytotoxic activity of alcoholic extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis (E. camaldulensis) at different concentrations of 6.125, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL on breast cancer cell line MCF-7. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS)) analyses were employed to study the antioxidant efficiency of ethanolic extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis. The results of Fourier transmission infra-red analysis and Phytochemical screening pointed to the presence of many active compounds in this extract, such as Tannins, Saponins, Phenolic compounds, Reducing sugar, Terpenoids, Steroids, Glucosides, Alkaloids, and Flavonoids. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that this extract significantly inhibited the growth of the MCF-7 cell line in a concentration-dependent manner, as compared to the control, and the cytotoxic activity of this extract elevated with an increase in the concentration. The results pointed out that E. camaldulensis can be considered a particularly valuable source of effective anti-proliferative and cytotoxic agents. The experimental findings demonstrated that E. camaldulensis extract possessed significant antioxidant efficiency and anti-proliferative effects on cancerous cell lines.

Safety testing of Bacillus thuringiensis preparations, including thuringiensin, using the Salmonella assay.

The aim of this study was to test genotoxicity aspects of the safety of two strains of Bacillus thuringiensis. The strains were of serotype H-1, producing thuringiensin, toxic to flies, and serotype H-14, producing endotoxin, toxic to mosquitoes, but not thuringiensin. Four preparations were tested: Tenfold concentrated cell-free culture media of serotypes H-1 and H-14, prepurified thuringiensin, and purified endotoxin. No increases in revertant colony numbers of the tester strains of Salmonella typhimurium TA98 or TA100 were observed at the dose levels used with or without metabolic activation. Infrequent slight increases in revertant colony numbers in strains TA98 and TA1538 at a very high test dose of 50 mg/plate, both in the presence and absence of thuringiensin, were probably caused by histidine present in the growth medium of B. thuringiensis. Furthermore, the effects were at most slightly dose related and not reproducible, and therefore the preparations can be considered nonmutagenic.