Beyond the Blockage: Unveiling Diagnosis and Management of Choanal Atresia-A Case Series.

Choanal atresia is a rare congenital disorder characterised by anatomical closure of the posterior choana in the nasal cavity due to failed recanalization during foetal development. The main aim of our study is to focus on our experience with choanal atresia and its management. In this study, we are discussing the prospective study of 12 cases of choanal atresia that came to a tertiary hospital from July 2017 to July 2022. All 12 choanal atresia cases underwent thorough evaluation, including history, blood investigations, nasal endoscopy, and CT scanning. Intra-nasal endoscopic choanoplasty with stenting was performed on all patients, followed by a 2-year follow-up, except for one case that missed follow-up after 6 months. All 12 cases were female, with their ages varying from newborn to 4 months old. In our study, 75% were unilateral and 25% were bilateral cases from newborn to 4 months old. The right was more prevalent in unilateral choanal atresia. The mixed type was the most commonly observed. The most common symptom was difficulty breathing and a running nose. All cases achieved an adequate patent airway. No intraoperative complications were noted in any case. All cases of choanal atresia can be diagnosed by a cold spatula test, failure to pass an intra-nasal catheter, and a CT scan is confirmatory. Surgical correction with endoscopic intranasal choanoplasty and stenting has less morbidity, a high success rate, and a lower recurrence rate.

A Tertiary Care Centre Experience on the Management of Paediatric Tracheobronchial Foreign Body During the COVID 19 Pandemic.

Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a life threatening emergency most commonly seen among paediatric age group that requires immediate therapeutic intervention. The purpose of this study is to report our experience on management of these aspirated foreign body (FB) with rigid bronchoscopy during the COVID 19 pandemic. This is a retrospective study which included 100 children less than 17 years of age, diagnosed with suspected FBA and underwent rigid bronchoscopy for its removal between March 2020 and March 2021. Guardians of all female children with history of FBA, had to go through medicolegal enquiry considering the possibility of female infanticide. Analysis of data was made of the demographic details, characteristics and location of the aspirated FB, treatment modalities and difficulties encountered. Among the 100 patients included in the study, 67% were under 3 years of age. The male to female ratio was 2.23:1. 69% of the FB's were most frequently found in the right main bronchus. 63 cases of the removed FB were organic materials such as nuts. Tracheobronchial FB's should be suspected in children who have sudden onset of cough and respiratory distress, even when physical and radiographic evidence is absent. Mortality due to FBA is preventable by early intervention with bronchoscopy. During the Covid 19 pandemic before performing any emergency procedure, prior preoperative planning and use of personal protective equipment is important, considering the very high risk of transmission of the virus due to aerosol generation.

Aplasia of the Maxillary Sinus, a Large Periapical Cyst in the Maxillary Arch, and a Swimming and Kissing Molar: A Rare Case Report.

Aplasia of the maxillary sinus and hypoplasia are rare conditions that can trigger symptoms such as headaches and altered speech. Most patients are asymptomatic, but given the role of these symptoms in the differential diagnoses for neoplasms and infection, such symptoms warrant investigating. We present a rare case of a young man with hypoplasia of the maxillary sinus on the left side with a large periapical cyst on the right side, diagnosed via a routine cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). This case discusses the role of CBCT in investigating aplasia of the maxillary sinus.