COVID-19 infection in pregnancy: a single center experience with 75 cases.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to summarize the clinical features, maternal, fetal, and perinatal outcomes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) proven infections of pregnancies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective single center study was conducted on 75 pregnant patients diagnosed of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Demographic characteristics, clinical courses, laboratory and radiological findings, and maternal and perinatal outcomes were analyzed using medical records. RESULTS: Of the 75 pregnant women infected with COVID-19, 49 had mild infections. The most common initial symptoms were myalgia (61.4%), cough (57.9%), headache (50.9%), and dyspnea (49.1%). More than half of the patients (57.3%) on admission were in their third trimester. Three patients had pre-existing chronic illnesses (hypothyroidism, asthma and rheumatoid arthritis) and three patients had gestational diabetes. There were two cases admitted to intensive care unit, one of whom was due to COVID-19 infection. No maternal mortality was recorded. The mode of delivery was a cesarean section in 20 cases among the 35 labors. Six gestations ended in a miscarriage and 11 women gave birth prematurely. One stillbirth occurred at the 38th week of gestation. Among 37 neonates, 14 necessitated admission to neonatal intensive care unit. Neonatal mortality, congenital malformation, and mother to child transmission were not seen in the newborns. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study suggest that the clinical course of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women was mostly asymptomatic/mild. There was also no evidence of vertical transmission of COVID-19 infection.

The activity of paraoxonase and arylesterase in patients with osteomyelitis.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress and to determine the activity of paraoxonase and arylesterase in patients with osteomyelitis compared to healthy controls. METHOD: In total, 30 patients diagnosed with osteomyelitis and 30 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. Paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were measured spectrophotometrically. Serum lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) concentrations were measured by ferrous oxidation with xylenol orange (FOX) assay as markers of oxidative stress. RESULTS: Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were significantly lower in patients with osteomyelitis compared to control individuals (all p < 0.05). Serum LOOH concentrations were significantly higher in patients with osteomyelitis than those in controls (p < 0.05). Arylesterase activity was inversely correlated with triglyceride (r =- 0.49; p = 0.005) and cholesterol concentrations (r =- 0.41; p = 0.025). CONCLUSION: In light of the findings obtained from the present study, it may be assumed that decreased activity of serum paraoxonase and increased concentrations of LOOH observed in osteomyelitis patients appear to be related to the increased oxidative stress and inflammatory conditions present in these patients, and may cause a much more severe status of the disease.

Prolidase and oxidative stress in chronic hepatitis C.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C infection represents a common healthcare issue worldwide. The present trial was designed to investigate the role of prolidase, an enzyme that is significantly involved in the biosynthesis of collagen, and of the oxidative stress that is considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, in the chronic hepatitis C infection. The trial was performed to assess the serum prolidase enzyme level and the oxidative-antioxidative status and to determine the relation between the serum prolidase activity and the oxidative stress parameters. METHODS: A total of 95 individuals, including 55 patients with chronic hepatitis C infection (CHC) and 40 healthy adults, were enrolled in the trial. The values for prolidase, the total antioxidant status (TAS), the total oxidative stress (TOS), the oxidative stress index (OSI), sulfhydryl (SH), lipid peroxidation LOOH, catalase (CAT), and ceruloplasmin were measured and compared between the patient groups. RESULTS: The prolidase, TOS, LOOH, CAT, and the OSI values were higher in the chronic hepatitis C group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). The TAS, SH, and ceruloplasmin levels were lower in the CHC group relative to the control group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: We suppose that the values of prolidase and the oxidative stress are increased while the antioxidant levels are decreased in CHC. As a result, prolidase and the oxidative stress seem to be related with the progression of the disease.