RESUMO
Despite progress in the treatment of B cell disorders, novel treatment approaches are still highly needed. CD19 is a pan-B cell marker that is recognized as a potential immunotherapy target for B cell disorders, including blood-borne malignancies and autoimmune diseases. Although initial attempts to target CD19 were unsuccessful, a new wave of investigational agents is currently in development. These agents are based on novel antibody-based technologies and formats that appear to better exploit CD19's therapeutic potential, and some promising clinical study data has already been reported. This review provides an overview and the rationale for the most advanced CD19-targeting programs in development.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico , Antígenos CD19/imunologia , Imunoterapia/métodos , Leucemia de Células B/terapia , Linfoma de Células B/terapia , Animais , Anticorpos Biespecíficos/uso terapêutico , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Humanos , Leucemia de Células B/imunologia , Linfoma de Células B/imunologia , CamundongosRESUMO
The immune system fights cancer and sometimes temporarily eliminates it or reaches an equilibrium stage of tumor growth. However, continuous immunological pressure also selects poorly immunogenic tumor variants that eventually escape the immune control system. Here, we focus on metastatic melanoma, a highly immunogenic tumor, and on anti-melanoma immunotherapies, which recently, especially following the FDA approval of Ipilimumab, gained interest from drug development companies. We describe new immunomodulatory approaches currently in the development pipeline, focus on the novel CEACAM1 immune checkpoint, and compare its potential to the extensively described targets, CTLA4 and PD1. This paper combines multi-disciplinary approaches and describes anti-melanoma immunotherapies from molecular, medical, and business angles.
