Chemical constituents from the stem of Ficus pumila.

A new biphenyl compound: 5-aldehyde-4'-hydroxy-2,2'-dimethoxybiphenyl (1), along with 11 known phenolic compounds (2-12) were isolated from the stem of Ficus pumila Linn. Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods, including MS, UV, IR, 1 D and 2 D NMR. Compounds 4 and 10 showed weakly cytotoxicity against MCF-7, with IC50 values of 32.5 and 37.3 µM, respectively.

One new piperazinedione isolated from a mangrove-derived fungus Aspergillus niger JX-5.

One new piperazinedione derivative, nigerpiperazine A (1), along with six known compounds (2-7) were isolated from the fungus Aspergillus niger JX-5 from mangrove Ceriops tagal. Nigerpiperazine A (1) was elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and 13C NMR chemical shift calculations, compounds 4 and 5 were determined by X-ray and the CD spectra. The absolute configuration of 4 was identified by X-ray for the first time. Compounds 1 and 4 showed inhibitory activities against Helicoverpa armigera Hubner with the IC50 values of 200 and 100 µg/mL, respectively.

Two new 2,5-diketopiperazine derivatives from mangrove-derived endophytic fungus Nigrospora camelliae-sinensis S30.

Two new 2,5-diketopiperazines derivatives (1-2), together with eight known analogs (3-10), were isolated from a culture broth of an endophytic fungus Nigrospora camelliae-sinensis S30, derived from mangrove Lumnitzera littorea. Their complete structures were determined by a detailed analysis of spectroscopic data and ECD calculations. The antimicrobial activity and neuroprotective activity of these isolated compounds were also evaluated.

A new isoflavone from the fruits of Ficus auriculata and its antibacterial activity.

A new isoflavone (Z)-5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3'-[3-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-butenyl] isoflavone (1) together with seven known isoflavones (2-8) were isolated from the fruits of the Ficus auriculata. Their structures were established on the basis of 1 D, 2 D-NMR spectroscopic data and HR-ESI-MS analysis. All compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against five pathogenic bacteria in vitro. Compounds 3 and 4 exhibited significant antibacterial activities against five pathogenic bacteria with the MIC values ranging from 1.25 to 20 µg/mL.[Formula: see text].

Phenolic glycosides from the stems of Homalium stenophyllum.

The phytochemical investigation of the stems of Homalium stenophyllum afforded seven new phenolic glycosides (1-5 and 8-9) and two known compounds (6 and 7). Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive analyses of NMR spectroscopic, mass spectrometric data and chemical hydrolysis. Additionally, their anti-inflammatory activities against the NO production in LPS-induced macrophages were evaluated.

Aristololactam alkaloids from the roots of Dasymaschalon rostratum.

A novel aristololactam alkaloid, dasymalactam A (1), together with nine known analogues (2-10), were isolated from the roots of Dasymaschalon rostratum. Their structures were elucidated by IR, NMR and MS spectrums and comparisons with data reported in the literature. All compounds demonstrated weak cytotoxicity against Hela, MCF-7, A-549, MGC-803, and COLO-205 human cancer cell lines.

Two new cephalochromin derivative from the Alternaria sp. ZG22.

Two new cephalochromin derivatives, prenylcephalochromin A (1), prenylcephalochromin B (2), along with cephalochromin (3) were isolated from the Alternaria sp. ZG22 obtained from a Dasymaschalon rostratum collected from the Hainan. The structures of two new compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1-3 showed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Three new methylated Δ8-pregnene steroids from the Polyalthia laui-derived fungus Stemphylium sp. AZGP4-2.

Three new methylated Δ8-pregnene steroids, stemphylisteroids A-C (1-3) were isolated from the medicinal plant Polyalthia laui-derived fungus Stemphylium sp. AZGP4-2. Their structures were elucidated by the detailed analysis of comprehensive spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compound 1 show antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli with the MIC value of 6.25 µg/mL, and 2 exhibited a broad spectrum of antibacterial activities against six pathogenic bacteria with the MIC values ranging from 12.5 to 50 µg/mL. The discovery of three methylated Δ8-pregnene steroids 1-3 are a further addition to diverse and complex array of methylated steroids.

Extraction, characterization and antioxidant activity of polysaccharide from Pouteria campechiana seed.

In this study, the seed polysaccharides (PCSP) was ultrasonic-assisted extracted from Pouteria campechiana and optimized by response surface method (RSM). After separation and purification by DEAE-52 cellulose column and Sephadex G-75 glucan gel column, the pure polysaccharide component of PCSPa-1 was obtained, and its structure and antioxidant activity were analyzed. The results showed that the optimal parameters of PCSP with maximum yields (15.94%) were ultrasonic temperature of 79 °C, ultrasonic time of 69 min, and liquid to material ratio of 41 mL/g. The molecular weight of PCSPa-1 was 67900 Da. PCSPa-1 consisted of glucose and mannose with a molar ratio of 86.65:4.62, and the glycosidic bond mainly included →4)-α-d-Glc(1→ and →6)-α-d-Glc(1→. Scanning electron microscopy showed that PCSPa-1 was a strip structure with a smooth surface. In addition, PCSPa-1 had strong scavenging capacity to 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis- (3-ethylbenzthiaz oline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), hydroxyl radical, and superoxide radical. Polysaccharides of Pouteria campechiana seeds could be exploited as a natural antioxidant.

3,4- seco-Norclerodane Diterpenoids from the Roots of Polyalthia laui.

Ten new clerodane diterpenoids, polylauioids A-J (1-10), and five known analogues (11-15) were isolated from the roots of Polyalthia laui. Among the new compounds, 3 and 8 are artifacts. The structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods and by comparison with published NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations of 4, 5, and 7 were defined based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction and electronic circular dichroism data. Compounds 1 and 2 represent the first examples of rearranged 3,4- seco-norclerodane diterpenoids, and a putative biosynthesis pathway for these compounds is proposed. Compounds 1, 4, 6, 7, 9, and 10 showed anti-HIV activities with EC50 values ranging from 12.2 to 35.2 µM.

Biologically active oligostilbenes from the stems of Vatica mangachapoi and chemotaxonomic significance.

Phytochemical investigation of the stems of Vatica mangachapoi (Dipterocarpaceae) led to the isolation and structural elucidation of twenty-seven oligostilbenes (1-27), including a new natural compound 1. The structure of 1 was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses including NMR, MS and ECD data, and the known compounds were identified by comparisons with those reported in the literature. The absolute configuration of 1 was first time determined by a combination of NOESY spectrum and quantum chemical computation. Among of isolates were tested for their anti-osteoporosis and anti-HIV-1 activities in vitro by the MTT method. Moreover, the chemotaxonomic significance of these compounds was summarised.

Furofuran lignans and alkaloids from Clinacanthus nutans.

One new furofuran lignan 2-methoxy-9ß-hydroxydiasesamin (1), and four analogues (2-5), together with eight alkaloids (6-13), were isolated from the ethanol extract of the aerial part of Clinacanthus nutans. Their structures were elucidated by the detailed analysis of comprehensive spectroscopic data. All the compounds were isolated from the genus of Clinacanthus for the first time. In addition, lignans isolated from C. nutans was reported for the first time. Compound 1 exhibited modest activity against three human tumor cell lines Hela, MCF-7, and A549, with IC50 values of 68.55, 60.00, and 59.17 µM, respectively.

A new norisoprenoid from the leaves of Ficus pumila.

One new norisoprenoid 3,9-dihydroxy dihydro actinidiolide (1), together with eleven known compounds (2-12), were isolated from ethanol extract of the leaves of Ficus pumila collected in Hainan Province, China. Their structures were elucidated by the detailed analysis of comprehensive spectroscopic data. Compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, 8 and 10-12 were isolated from the F. pumila for the first time. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity. Compounds 3 and 9 showed weak cytotoxic activity against Hela, MCF-7 and A549 cell lines.

Two new secondary metabolites from a mangrove-derived fungus Cladosporium sp. JJM22.

Two new compounds (1 and 2), together with six known compounds (3-8), were obtained from the Cladosporium sp. JJM22, an endophytic fungus isolated from the stem bark of the mangrove plant Ceriops tagal collected in South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were confirmed by the comparison of optical rotation and the CD data with those of known compounds. The inhibitory activities of the isolated compounds against six terrestrial pathogenic bacteria and human cervical carcinoma Hela cell line were evaluated. Compound 3 exhibited a broad spectrum of antibacterial activities.

One new Lignan derivative from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lipsiense.

One new lignan derivative 2,3-dimethyl-4-(4'-hydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-hydroxy-7-methoxy-naphthalene (1), together with four known analogues (2-5), were isolated from acetone extract of the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lipsiense collected in the Hainan Province, China. Their structures were elucidated by the detailed analysis of comprehensive spectroscopic data. Compound 1 showed insecticidal activity against newly hatched karvae of Helicoverpa armigera Hubner. Compounds 1-5 showed moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with the same MIC value of 1.25 µg/mL.

Penicilindoles A-C, Cytotoxic Indole Diterpenes from the Mangrove-Derived Fungus Eupenicillium sp. HJ002.

Three new indole diterpenes, penicilindoles A-C (1-3), were isolated from the mangrove-derived fungus Eupenicillium sp. HJ002. Their planar structures and absolute configurations were determined by interpretation of NMR spectroscopic data, HR-ESIMS, and X-ray diffraction analysis using Cu Kα radiation. The cytotoxic and antibacterial activities were evaluated in vitro; penicilindole A (1) showed cytotoxic activity against human A549 and HepG2 cell lines with IC50 values of 5.5 and 1.5 µM, respectively.

Bioactive Phenolic and Isocoumarin Glycosides from the Stems of Homalium paniculiflorum.

Two new phenolic glycosides (1 and 2) and two new isocoumarin glycosides (3 and 4), along with 14 known compounds (5-18), were isolated from the stems of Homalium paniculiflorum. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods. All new compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities via examining the inhibitory activity on nitric oxide (NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells in vitro. Compounds 1 and 4 exhibited inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 30.23 ± 1.23 µM and 19.36 ± 0.19 µM, respectively.

Dendrocoumarin: a new benzocoumarin derivative from the stem of Dendrobium nobile.

A new benzocoumarin derivative, dendrocoumarin (1), along with itolide A were isolated from the stems of Dendrobium nobile. The structure of the new compound 1 elucidated on the basis of NMR and mass spectroscopic data. Compounds 1 and 2 showed broad spectrum antibacterial activity against five terrestrial pathogenic bacteria.

Eudesmanolides and Other Constituents from the Flowers of Wedelia trilobata.

Two eudesmane sesquiterpene lactones, wedetrilides B (1) and C (2), along with five known analogues (3 - 8), an ent-kaurane diterpenoid (9), a steroid (10), as well as cinnamic acid derivatives (11 - 13), were isolated from the flowers of Wedelia trilobata. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses and by comparison of their NMR data with those of related compounds. Furthermore, the structures of 1 and 3 - 5 were confirmed by X-ray single-crystal diffraction analyses. Compounds 4 and 5 exhibited weak cytotoxic activities against the MCF-7, HeLa, and A549 cell lines. Compounds 3 - 5 were also evaluated for their inhibitory effects against HIV lytic replication.