Enhancing Dental Applications: A Novel Approach for Incorporating Bioactive Substances into Textile Threads.

In the realm of surgical and dental applications, hyaluronic acid (HA) braided threads show significant therapeutic potential due to their incorporation of pharmaceutical active ingredients. This study primarily focuses on resolving the crucial challenge of devising a deposition method that can ensure both precision and uniformity in the content of the active ingredient Octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT) within each segment of the threads. Our objective in this study was to develop a continuous deposition method for OCT onto a braided thread composed of 24 hyaluronic acid-based fibers, aiming for a specific OCT content of 0.125 µg/mm, while maintaining a maximum allowable deviation of ±15% in OCT content. The motivation behind designing this novel method stemmed from the necessity of employing a volatile solvent for the active agent. Conventional wetting methods proved unsuitable due to fluctuations in the solution's concentration during deposition, and alternative methods known to us demanded intricate technical implementations. The newly introduced method offers distinct advantages, including its online processing speed, scalability potential, and cost-efficiency of the active agent solution. Additionally, it minimizes the impact on the natural polymer thread, preserving energy by obviating the need for complete thread saturation. Our research and precise apparatus development resulted in achieving the desired thread properties, with an OCT content of (1.51 ± 0.09) µg per 12 mm thread piece. These findings not only validate the suitability of this innovative method for depositing active agents but also extend its potential applicability beyond dental care.

Effects of emulsion, dispersion, and blend electrospinning on hyaluronic acid nanofibers with incorporated antiseptics.

Nanofibrous materials are used in drug delivery as carriers of active ingredients. These can be incorporated into the materials with various electrospinning methods that differ mainly in the way spinning solutions are prepared. Each method affects primarily the encapsulation efficiency and distribution of active ingredients in the materials. This study focuses on the incorporation of octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT) and triclosan (TRI) into nanofibrous materials electrospun from native hyaluronic acid emulsions, dispersions, and blends. OCT had no substantial effect on fiber morphology, which is affected by the solvent system. All OCT encapsulation efficiencies were comparable (approximately 90%). TRI encapsulation efficiencies varied greatly depending on the method used. Merely 3% of TRI was encapsulated when it was spun from a dispersion. Encapsulation efficiency was higher, and TRI was incorporated in clusters when an emulsion was used. The best result was achieved with a blend, in which case 96% of TRI was encapsulated.

Antimicrobial nanofibrous mats with controllable drug release produced from hydrophobized hyaluronan.

Due to their large active surface, high loading efficiency, and tunable dissolution profiles, nanofibrous mats are often cited as promising drug carriers or antimicrobial membranes. Hyaluronic acid has outstanding biocompatibility, but it is hydrophilic. Nanofibrous structures made from hyaluronan dissolve immediately, making them unsuitable for controlled drug release and longer applications. We aimed to prepare a hyaluronan-based antimicrobial nanofibrous material, which would retain its integrity in aqueous environments. Self-supporting nanofibrous mats containing octenidine dihydrochloride or triclosan were produced by electrospinning from hydrophobized hyaluronan modified with a symmetric lauric acid anhydride. The nanofibrous mats required no cross-linking to be stable in PBS for 7 days. The encapsulation efficiency of antiseptics was nearly 100%. Minimal release of octenidine was observed, while up to 30% of triclosan was gradually released in 72 h. The nanofibrous materials exhibited antimicrobial activity, the fibroblast viability was directly dependent on the antiseptic content and its release.

Simultaneous determination of intracellular UDP-sugars in hyaluronic acid-producing Streptococcus zooepidemicus.

Two chromatographic methods for the quantitative analysis of uridine diphosphate (UDP) sugars involved in hyaluronan pathway of Streptococcus zooepidemicus (SEZ) were developed and compared. The sample preparation protocol using centrifugation and extraction in hot ethanol was employed prior to the analyses. Separation was achieved using an anion exchange Spherisorb SAX column or a Shodex QA-825 column connected with a photodiode array (PDA) detector. To increase the throughput of the chromatography method employing the Spherisorb SAX column, the solid phase extraction (SPE) procedure was introduced. Method validation results displayed that limits of detection (LODs) of UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc), UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) and UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcA) calculated according to QC Expert software were in the low micromolar range and the coefficient of correlation (R(2)) was above 0.997. However, the analytical technique using the Spherisorb SAX column resulted in 80-90% recoveries and low LODs (≤6.19µM), the Shodex QA-825 column showed better long-term stability and reproducible chromatographic properties (RSD≤5.60%). The Shodex QA-825 column was successfully used to monitor UDP-sugar levels during the growth rate of SEZ cells.