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1.
Mol Med Rep ; 17(6): 7774-7780, 2018 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29620267

RESUMO

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the most common complications of late­phase diabetes, is associated with the ectopic apoptosis of microvascular cells. Gastrodin, a phenolic glucoside derived from Gastrodia elata Blume, has been reported to have antioxidant and anti­inflammation activities. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of gastrodin on high glucose (HG)­induced human retinal endothelial cell (HREC) injury and its underlying mechanism. The results demonstrated that HG induced cell apoptosis in HRECs, which was accompanied by increased levels of reactive oxygen species production. Gastrodin treatment significantly alleviated HG­induced apoptosis and oxidative stress. Furthermore, HG stimulation decreased the levels of SIRT1, which was accompanied by an increase in Toll­like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and the levels of phosphorylated nuclear factor (NF)­κBp65. However, the administration of gastrodin significantly inhibited the activation of the sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/TLR4/NF­κBp65 signaling pathway in HRECs exposed to HG. Collectively, the present study demonstrated that gastrodin may be effective against HG­induced apoptosis and its action may be exerted through the regulation of the SIRT1/TLR4/NF­κBp65 signaling pathway.


Assuntos
Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Álcoois Benzílicos/farmacologia , Células Endoteliais/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Endoteliais/metabolismo , Glucosídeos/farmacologia , Sirtuína 1/metabolismo , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição RelA/metabolismo , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Glucose/metabolismo , Humanos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Retina/citologia , Retina/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos
2.
Int J Ophthalmol ; 10(7): 1101-1105, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28730113

RESUMO

AIM: To determine the levels of aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) in the lens epithelial cells (LECs) of primary glaucoma and to clarify its correlation with lens thickness. METHODS: This study comprised 64 eyes of 64 patients with primary glaucoma, who were divided into 3 groups: 25 eyes of 25 patients with acute primary angle-closure glaucoma (APACG), 19 eyes of 19 patients with chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma (CPACG) and 20 eyes of 20 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). This study also included 12 eyes of 12 patients with senile cataract as controls. The levels of AQP-1 in LECs were examined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. The lens thickness was measured by A-scan ultrasonography. RESULTS: The AQP-1 mRNA levels of LECs were 0.84±0.27, 0.69±0.34, 0.44±0.19 and 0.51±0.21 in APACG, CPACG, POAG and senile cataract group, respectively. The levels of AQP-1m RNA were significantly higher in PACG groups compared with those in senile cataract and POAG group (all P<0.05). The immunohistochemistry showed the AQP-1 expression were strong-positive in PACG groups, but weak-positive in senile cataract and POAG group. A positive correlation was found between AQP-1 mRNA levels and the lens thickness (r=0.645, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: These findings show that the higher expression of AQP-1 in LECs may contribute to increased lens thickness, which might be associated with the occurrence and development of PACG.

3.
Anim Biotechnol ; 19(2): 104-16, 2008.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18432401

RESUMO

Somatostatin (SS) and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) are synthesized and secreted by the hypothalamus, which can control the synthesis and secretion of the growth hormone (GH) from the hypophysis as well as regulate the GH concentrations in animals and humans. In this article, we describe the regulation of animal growth using plasmid DNA encoding both the GHRH gene and the SS gene fused with the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) gene. We constructed a series of expression plasmids to express the GHRH and HBsAg-SS fusion genes individually as well as collectively. The fusion gene and GHRH were successfully expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, as proven by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunoblotting tests. Poly D, L-lactide-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) plasmid-encapsulating microspheres were prepared and injected intramuscularly into the leg skeletal muscles of rabbits. Weight gain/day and the levels of insulinlike growth factor-I (IGF-I), SS, and hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) were monitored. During days 30 postinjection, increase in weight gain/day and IGF- I concentration and decrease in SS were observed in treatment groups. From days 15 to 30 postinjection, the weight gain/day significantly increased (P < 0.05) by 129.13%, 106.8%, and 72.82% relative to the control group in the co-expression GHRH and fusion gene (named P-G-HS), fusion gene (named P-HS), and GHRH (named P-G) groups, respectively. And most importantly, the P-G-HS group showed significant weight gain/day (P < 0.05) relative to the P-G and P-HS groups. A significant increase in the IGF-I concentration and decrease in the SS level relative to the control group were also observed. The results indicated that the combination of plasmid-mediated GHRH supplementation and positive immunization against SS led to more robust weight gain/day in rabbits.


Assuntos
Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina/fisiologia , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/fisiologia , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Coelhos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Somatostatina/fisiologia , Animais , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Células CHO , Clonagem Molecular , Cricetinae , Cricetulus , DNA/química , DNA/genética , Fusão Gênica , Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina/biossíntese , Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina/genética , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/biossíntese , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/genética , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/metabolismo , Ácido Láctico/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Microesferas , Plasmídeos/genética , Ácido Poliglicólico/administração & dosagem , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico e Ácido Poliglicólico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Coelhos/fisiologia , Somatostatina/biossíntese , Somatostatina/genética , Transfecção/veterinária
4.
Anim Biotechnol ; 18(3): 163-75, 2007.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17612839

RESUMO

Biodegradable nanospheres or microspheres have been widely used as a sustained release system for the delivery of bioagents. In the present study, injectable sustained-release growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) (1-32) microspheres were prepared by a double emulsion-in liquid evaporation process using biodegradable polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) as the carrier. The entrapment efficiency was 89.79% and the mean particle size was 4.41 mum. The microspheres were injected into mouse tibialis muscle. After 30 days, mice injected with GRF (1-32) microspheres (group I) gained significantly more weight than any other treatment group, including mice injected with the naked plasmid (group II) (10.26 +/- 0.13 vs. 9.09 +/- 0.56; P < 0.05), a mixture of microspheres and plasmid (group III) (10.26 +/- 0.13 vs. 8.57 +/- 0.02; P < 0.05), or saline (IV) (10.26 +/- 0.13 vs. 6.47 +/- 0.26; P < 0.05). In addition, mice treated with the GRF (1-32) microspheres exhibited the highest expression levels of GRF as detected by PCR, RT-PCR, and ELISA (mean 2.56 +/- 0.40, P < 0.05, overall comparison of treatment with groups II, III, and IV). Additionally, rabbits were injected in the tibialis muscle with the same treatments described above. After 30 days, the group treated with GRF (1-32) microspheres gained the most weight. At day 30 postinjection, weight gain in group I was 63.93% higher than group II (plasmid) (877.10 +/- 24.42 vs. 535.05 +/- 26.38; P < 0.05), 108.59% higher than group III (blank MS) (877.10 +/- 24.42 vs. 420.50 +/- 19.39; P < 0.05), and 93.94% higher than group IV (saline) (877.10 +/- 24.42 vs. 452.25 +/- 27.38; P < 0.05). Furthermore, IGF-1 levels in the serum from GRF microsphere-treated group were elevated relative to all other groups. The present results suggest that encapsulation of GRF with PLGA increases GRF gene expression in muscle after local plasmid delivery, and stimulates significantly more weight gain than delivery of the naked plasmid alone.


Assuntos
Hormônio Liberador de Hormônio do Crescimento/química , Ácido Láctico/química , Músculo Esquelético/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácido Poliglicólico/química , Polímeros/química , Animais , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Preparações de Ação Retardada , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Hormônio Liberador de Hormônio do Crescimento/administração & dosagem , Hormônio Liberador de Hormônio do Crescimento/biossíntese , Hormônio Liberador de Hormônio do Crescimento/genética , Ácido Láctico/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Camundongos , Microesferas , Músculo Esquelético/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Plasmídeos/genética , Ácido Poliglicólico/administração & dosagem , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico e Ácido Poliglicólico , Polímeros/administração & dosagem , Coelhos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa
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