LINC00106 prevents against metastasis of thyroid cancer by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

OBJECTIVE: Thyroid cancer (TC) is a common malignant tumor of the endocrine system, and its morbidity and mortality are in the high places. Recent studies have focused on exploring biological markers and targeted therapy for TC. This research aims to elucidate the role of LINC00106 in the progression of TC and the regulatory mechanisms. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Differential level of LINC00106 in a downloaded profile containing TC and normal tissues from GEPIA database was analyzed. Subsequently, its level in TC tissues and cell lines was detected by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). The relationship between LINC00106 level and clinical data of TC patients was assessed, including age, tumor staging, lymphatic metastasis, and overall survival. After transfection of si-LINC00106, TC cell metastasis was evaluated by wound healing and transwell assay. Relative levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, ß-catenin, and Vimentin regulated by LINC00106 were determined using qRT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS: LINC00106 was downregulated in TC tissues than normal ones. Its level was correlated to tumor staging, lymphatic metastasis and overall survival in TC patients. The knockdown of LINC00106 in BCPCP and TPC-1 cells enhanced migratory and invasive abilities and triggered the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). CONCLUSIONS: LINC00106 is lowly expressed in TC specimens, which attenuates migratory and invasive abilities in TC by inhibiting EMT as a tumor suppressor.

[Clinical significance of lymphatic metastasis between sternocleidomastoid and sternohyoid muscle in papillary thyroid cancer].

Objective: To explore the clinical significance of metastasis of lymph nodes between sternocleidomastoid and sternohyoid muscle (LNSS) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Methods: A total of 175 patients with PTC who underwent thyroidectomy with LNSS dissection were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the independent risk factors for LNSS metastasis in PTC. Results: The rate of detectable LNSS was 70.9% (124/175) and metastasis rate was 7.4% (13/175). Of 13 cases with LNSS metastasis, 10 with the coexistence of cervical lymph node metastasis. Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that multiple focal cancer, tumor located in the lower pole of thyroid, belt-shaped muscle invasion, lateral cervical lymph node metastasis, cN+ , the number of cervical lymph nodes with metastasis and the number of lymph nodes with metastasis in level Ⅳwere the risk factors for LNSS metastasis (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis suggested that tumor located in the lower pole of thyroid and the number of cervical lymph nodes with metastasis >6 were the independent risk factors for LNSS metastasis (P<0.05). Given the number of cervical lymph nodes with metastasis as a predictor for the LNSS metastasis, the sensitivity was 92.3%, the specificity was 66.7% and the accuracy rate was 68.6%. Conclusions: LNSS metastasis is commom in PTC, with a metastasis rate of 7.4%. PTC in the lower pole of thyroid and the number of cervical lymph nodes with metastasis > 6 are independent risks for LNSS metastasis.

[The clinical value of SUDOSCAN in diagnosis of diabetic distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of SUDOSCAN in diagnosis of diabetic distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy. Methods: According to the diagnostic criteria for multiple diabetic distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy, a total of 130 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University between August 2015 and July 2016 were divided into two groups, diabetic peripheral neuropathy group (DPN group, 50 cases) and non-diabetic peripheral neuropathy group (NDPN group, 80 cases). Additional 80 healthy volunteers were selected as healthy control group (NC group). SUDOSCAN was employed to detect electrochemical skin conductance (ESC, the unit was µS) of subjects' hands and feet, and the correlation between sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) and ESC was analyzed as well. Results: The average hands ESC in NC and T2DM group were (79.1±10.4) µS and (59.7±18.1) µS, respectively; the average feet ESC were (82.0±8.2) µS and (62.1±21.8) µS, respectively (both P<0.01). The average hands ESC in DPN and NDPN group were (53.2±18.9) µS and (63.7±16.5) µS; the average feet ESC were (53.5±24.4) µS and (67.4±18.2) µS, respectively (both P<0.05). The hands and feet ESC were positively correlated with SCV, and the correlation coefficient were 0.425 and 0.445, respectively (both P<0.01). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of hands and feet ESC to evaluate diabetic symmetrical peripheral polyneuropathy were 0.785 and 0.768 (both P<0.01). Conclusion: SUDOSCAN is a promising tool for the diagnosis of diabetic symmetrical peripheral polyneuropathy.

[The clinical significance of Delphian lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical significance of Delphian lymph node (DLN) metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Method: A total of 505 cases with PTC confirmed pathologically in our hospital between January 2015 and December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. 208 patients with DLN assessed separately by histopathologic examination who underwent primary surgery for PTC were included for the following analysis. Results: In 208 patients, the detection rate of DLN was 63.0% and the metastasis rate of DLN was 21.4%. DLN metastasis was correlated with PTC multifocality (P=0.038), tumor size over 1cm (P=0.001), BRAFV600E mutation (P=0.017) and central neck node metastasis (P<0.001). Tumor size over 1cm (95%CI 1.308-9.909, OR=3.600, P=0.013) and the number of node with central neck metastasis (95%CI 1.313-2.163, OR=1.685, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for DLN metastasis. The presence of DLN metastasis was associated with an 8.8-fold higher frequency of central neck node metastasis compared to cases without DLN metastasis. Among patients with DLN metastases, central lymph node metastasis was more common in the cases with lateral neck node metastases compared to those without lateral neck node metastases (6.5±3.0 vs 1.5±0.7, P=0.009), and 5 of the 6 patients also presented with PTC multifocality and BRAFV600E mutation. Conclusion: DLN metastasis implies a higher possibility of central neck lymph node metastasis. DLN should be assessed during operation to provide information for neck dissection, post-operative administration and follow-up strategy.

Rubella vaccine in the People's Republic of China.

The results of seroepidemiologic surveys indicate that rubella is widely prevalent in China. Congenital rubella infection has posed a threat. To control rubella and decrease the incidence of congenital rubella infection, an attenuated strain of rubella virus was developed in China. The original strain was isolated from a throat-swab specimen from a six-year-old girl with a clinical diagnosis of rubella. The strain was passaged and attenuated in human diploid cells and named BRD-2. The results of clinical trials showed that the BRD-2 virus strain has mild reactogenicity, satisfactory immunogenicity, and no transmissibility. The antigenicity and reactogenicity are comparable to those of strain RA27/3. It is anticipated that it may be put into production in the near future.