Stress levels of nursing students: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

CONTEXT: Nursing students experience psychosocial stress in their workplace. Available statistics are at variance, and hence, the need to know the overall prevalence of psychosocial stress among nursing students. AIMS: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of psychosocial stress among nursing students through meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, CNKI, and China Biomedical Literature Service System were searched for articles. Search terms include "psychosocial stress," "nursing students." Articles were included if they used validated psychosocial stress assessment instruments. Of the 15 articles with data on stress prevalence, 8 met all inclusion criteria. Each article was independently reviewed by the authors and relevant data were abstracted. Statistical analysis was done using Revman 4.1. RESULTS: Overall, the average score for stress among nursing students was 3.70 (95% confidence interval [CI]: [3.33, 4.06]) based on the analyzed 15 articles with a sample size of 9202. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the stress level of intern nursing students was mainly moderate.

Prevalence of stress among nursing students: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Our main purpose is to evaluate the prevalence of stress among nursing students systematically. METHODS: Adhering to the preferred reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, we carefully searched ten databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, EMBASE, CNKI, Wanfang, and China Biomedical Literature Service System, to collect cross-sectional studies on nursing students. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies. RESULTS: From 1397 studies, 27 cross-sectional studies were included, including 7116 subjects. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of low-level stress was 0.24% [95% CI (0.24% to 0.25%)], the prevalence of middle level stress was 0.35% [95% CI (0.35% to 0.35%)], and the prevalence of high-level stress was 0.10% [95% CI (0.10% to 0.10%)]. The results of subgroup analysis showed that stress levels are different in different genders, diagnostic criteria for stress, years of publication, and regions. CONCLUSIONS: This review identified the stress levels of nursing interns, which were mainly moderate. This result makes nursing administrators and nursing educators pay more attention to the mental health problems of nursing interns, which can actively take measures to promote the physical and mental health of nursing students, improve the quality of nursing students' practice, and further promote the development of the nursing profession.

Factors associated with information literacy of nursing undergraduates in China.

OBJECTIVE: Information literacy is an important foundation for evidence-based nursing practice. Quantitative studies using validated questionnaires on information literacy of nursing undergraduates in China are rare. The students' baseline information literacy must be evaluated before exploring ways to improve their level of information literacy. This study aimed to investigate the factors potentially involved in the information literacy of nursing undergraduates. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, male and female nursing undergraduates (n = 710) from Inner Mongolia, China were included in the final sample. The Information Literacy Competency Scale of the Applied Undergraduate Student (ILCSAUS) was used for evaluation. Multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis was performed to assess the association between various factors associated with information literacy. RESULTS: The students' information literacy score was 105.00 (94.00-119.00). The highest score in the four dimensions was information awareness dimension, and the average score was 4.00 (3.80-4.40). Multivariable stepwise linear regression analysis showed that received training in medical statistics, received training in literature retrieval and utilization, and birth place were independently associated with information literacy scores (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that learning about medical statistics, literature retrieval and utilization, and paying attention to students born in countries and towns can help improve information literacy in the nursing undergraduates.

Factors associated with mental health of graduate nursing students in China.

ABSTRACT: The increasing number of graduate nursing students in China has resulted in the wide concern for their mental health problems. Quantitative studies using validated questionnaires on mental health of graduate nursing students are rare. This study aimed to investigate the factors potentially involved in the level of mental health of graduate nursing students.The sample consisted of 339 graduate nursing students from 5 universities of China. The participants were evaluated using the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) and Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS) between March and November 2020. Multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis and spearman correlation test were performed to assess the association between various factors associated with mental health.The SCL-90 total score was 109.00 (96.00 -134.00) and psychological abnormalities (total score > 160) accounted for 14.2%. The highest score in the nine dimensions was compulsion dimension. The positive detection rate of compulsion dimension was 21.5% (dimensions score > 2),and the average of compulsion score was 1.50(1.20 -2.00). Multivariable stepwise linear regression analysis showed that grade, environmental adaptation level, number of good friends were independently associated with lower SCL-90 scores (both P < .05). SCL-90 scores were correlated with Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (r = .159, P = .003).Results indicate that learning about ways to adapt to the environment, strengthening good friends support and alleviating perceived stress can help improve graduate nursing students' level of mental health. The conclusions of this study can provide a reference to improve the psychological intervention strategies for graduate nursing students.

Factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder of nurses exposed to corona virus disease 2019 in China.

Quantitative studies using validated questionnaires on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of Nurses exposed to corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China are rare and the baseline PTSD must first be evaluated before prevention. This study aimed to investigate the factors potentially involved in the level of PTSD of Nurses exposed to COVID-19 in China.In this cross-sectional study, male and female Nurses (n = 202) exposed to COVID-19 from HuBei China were included in the final sample. The PTSD Checklist-Civilian (PCL-C) questionnaire and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) were used for evaluation. Multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis and spearman correlation test were performed to assess the association between various factors associated with PTSD.The incidence of PTSD in Nurses exposed to COVID-19 was 16.83%, the PCL-C score was 27.00 (21.00-34.00), and the highest score in the three dimensions was avoidance dimension 9.50 (7.00-13.25); multivariable stepwise linear regression analysis showed that job satisfaction and gender were independently associated with lower PCL-C scores (both P < .001); PCL-C scores were correlated with positive coping (r = -0.151, P = .032), negative coping (r = 0.154, P = .029).Nurses exposed to COVID-19 from HuBei China with job satisfaction, male and positive coping had low PCL-C scores which necessitate reducing the PTSD level by ways of improving job satisfaction, positive response, and strengthening the psychological counseling of female nurses in order to reduce the risk of psychological impairment.

Effect of continuous nursing care based on the IKAP theory on the quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized controlled study.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of continuous nursing care based on the Information, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (IKAP) theory on the quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS: This study is a randomized control trial. COPD patients attending the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, China between July 1 and October 31, 2017 were eligible. Following random assignment of participants to either the intervention group or control group, 70 patients (35 in each group) were included in the final sample. The intervention group received nursing care based on the Information, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice theory, while the control group received standard nursing care. Data were collected before the intervention, 1 month after the intervention, and three months after the intervention. The St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) was used to measure quality of life. RESULTS: Three months after the intervention, there were significant differences in the total SGRQ score (20.29 ±â€Š10.03 vs 30.14 ±â€Š12.52) and in the three SGRQ dimensions between the intervention group and the control group (P < .05). A repeated-measures analysis of variance showed that the total SGRQ score and the scores for impact and symptoms had a significant time effect (P < .001), that the total SGRQ score and the score for symptoms had a significant interaction effect (P < .05), and that the impact dimension had a significant group effect (P = .042). Pairwise comparisons of the data for the intervention group showed that there were significant differences between the pre-intervention and 1 month after intervention scores as well as between pre-intervention and three months after intervention, for the total SGRQ scores and the scores for impact and symptoms(P < .001). In terms of the impact dimension, there was a significant difference in the intervention group between 1 month after intervention and 3 months after intervention (P = .016). CONCLUSION: Continuous nursing care based on Information, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice theory improved quality of scores at 3 months after intervention among COPD patients. Given limitations of the study, future large-scale studies are needed to validate our results.