Adolescents and type 1 diabetes: A grounded theory on adolescents' experiences of adaptation to type 1 diabetes.

PURPOSE: Type 1 diabetes influences adolescents' health status and therapeutic management. Adaptation for adolescents with type 1 diabetes is considered a significant issue for this cohort group and is based on many factors, including availability of resources, and family and community support. Thus, this study aimed to explore Palestinian adolescents' experiences of adaptation to type 1 diabetes in the West Bank. DESIGN AND METHODS: A qualitative grounded theory approach was adopted. The purposive sample consisted of fourteen adolescents aged from 12 to 18 years and diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The data were collected using semi-structured and face-to-face individual interviews during the period from March to June 2023. A constant comparative method was used to analyze data. FINDINGS: The core category had emerged with categories and subcategories. There were three categories and ten subcategories including difficulties in the management of type 1 diabetes, for example, "insulin injections, dietary management, and control of HbA1c levels", burdens of type1 diabetes, for example, "burden regarding follow-up treatment, the burden of interaction and communication, emotional burden, and economic burden", and fears and worries of unexpected future life, for example, "worries about disease complications, worries regarding social relationships, and worries about marriage and parenthood". CONCLUSION: Adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes suffer from difficult experiences influencing their adaptation to this disease. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Counseling programs concerning self-care management for those adolescents need to be developed in addition to support programs. Health education programs are needed to develop their adaptation and coping skills to these experiences.

Knowledge and practice of nurses regarding the care of patients with head trauma in intensive care units in the West Bank.

Background: Nurses in the intensive care unit are responsible for the continuous assessment and management of physiological parameters associated with head trauma. Nurses have a vital and significant role in the care of patients suffering from moderate-to-severe head trauma, both during acute and non-acute care.The purpose of this study was to investigate the Knowledge and Practice of nurses regarding the care of patients with head trauma in an intensive care unit. Design and methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional study. The study recruited 165 nurses who work at intensive care unit (ICU) nurses in Palestinian hospitals. The data collected by a self-administered questionnaire developed by the researcher. Results: Among the 165 intensive nurses, the study findings revealed the majority of nurses 99 (60.0%) have low level knowledge regarding Care of Patients with a head trauma, and showed that most of the nurses 115 (69.7%) have poor level practice regarding Care of Patients with a head trauma. Conclusions: According to the results of the current study, approximately two-thirds of the studied nurses had unsatisfactory knowledge level regarding head trauma care. More than two-thirds of the studied nurses had poor level practice regarding head trauma care. Also, the study confirmed no statistical significant relation between knowledge and demographic characteristics. There was significant differences between total practice scores and both experience in general and experience in ICU.

Resiliency process and socialization among Palestinian children exposed to traumatic experience: Grounded theory approach.

PURPOSE: The conflict in Palestine is known to be one of the longest ongoing conflicts in the world affecting children with harmful psychological consequences. The purpose of this study was to explore the process of resilience among Palestinian children exposed to psychological trauma due to detention experiences. METHOD: A qualitative approach utilizing grounded theory design was used. Data collected by a semi-structured interview format from 18 Palestinian children aged 12-18 years were exposed to detention. RESULTS: The study revealed four main categories with focus and initial coding subcategories. Major categories were: revering and honoring the prisoners, normalizing the abnormal situations (positive adaptation), awareness and political socialization during childhood, and developing identity and belonging to the homeland. The results indicated that Palestinian children exposed to political detention had their own positive perception of the trauma and had a high level of posttraumatic maturation. PRACTICE IMPLICATION: The study concluded that early childhood political awareness, family and community support, sociocultural perception of prisoner children, and sense of belonging improved the ability of detained children to normalize abnormal situations and successfully cope with psychological trauma. So, the study has significant implications for nursing practice in the field of childhood trauma and intervention, it can help nurses working with traumatized children to assess and intervene according to the child's perception about the trauma and ability to cope.