[Suicide prevention clinics for children and adolescents in The Capital Region of Denmark].

In Denmark, incidence rates of suicide attempts among children and adolescents are increasing, while decreasing for other age groups in the general population. As described in this review, the suicide prevention clinics constitute a unique opportunity to provide expert treatment, also for youth. The clinics also aim at bridging the gap to social services. Young patients presenting with suicidal behavior must immediately be referred to a suicide prevention clinic. In the case of imminent suicide risk, the emergency room for children and adolescents should be contacted.

Dynamic indices of preload.

Hypotension and shock are important issues confronting the intensivist. Volume overload can have dire consequences such as decreased gas exchange and increased myocardial dysfunction. This article explores dynamic means of determining preload responsiveness.

The optimal hematocrit.

Nearly 15 million units of packed red blood cells and whole blood are transfused annually in the United States alone. Until recently, the major risks from blood transfusion were thought to be transmission of viral infections, and overall, blood transfusion was believed by most providers to be safe. A safe hemoglobin threshold above which red cell transfusion is clearly unnecessary has not been established. This article addresses the numerous problems that surround the use and consequences of blood transfusion, such as hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, oxygenation, storage time, immunomodulation, infection, and anemia. The relevant literature is comprehensively reviewed.