Comparisons in the treatment of facial trauma.

In 1980 a survey was conducted of the methods employed by OMF surgeons in the United Kingdom on the treatment of facial injuries. In 1986 a similar questionnaire was circulated in the UK with the addition of questions about clinical management. Towards the end of 1986 at a meeting in Amsterdam, arrangements were made for similar questionnaires to be circulated in The Netherlands, the USA and later in India and Hong Kong. The results recorded were as follows: UK: 164; The Netherlands: 94; USA: 1999; India: 20; Hong Kong: 5. This survey has revealed differences in the treatment of maxillofacial injuries in the countries concerned. There were differences in the means of fixation of fractured mandibles and in the types of anaesthesia used. The Americans were more likely to use extra oral surgical approaches for their lower border wirings or platings and were liable to operate on fractured mandibular condyles. The acceptability of patients being sent from the operating room with jaws wired together is confirmed by the fact that 95% of British and American OMF surgeons do this. The British OMF surgeons are much more likely to use fixation other than IMF in middle third injuries and are likely to use extra oral cranial fixation. Both the Dutch and the Americans are not so concerned about maxillary mobility and when they do employ fixation almost always use internal skeletal fixation. The approach to the reduction of a fractured malar is markedly different. The British are mainly using the Gillies approach, whereas the Dutch use the facial hook and the Americans a lower lid or brow approach.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cervical paragangliomas: a report of four cases.

Four cases of cervical paragangliomas are reported. Two cases were of presumed vagal origin and two were carotid body tumours. In three of the cases the diagnosis was not made prior to surgery. The diagnosis, pathology and management of the cases are discussed.