Correlation of n-terminal pro-brain-type natriuretic peptide levels with the severity of single mitral regurgitation or accompanied by mild aorta valve dysfunction in patients with rheumatic heart disease in Sanglah general hospital.

BACKGROUND: The most frequent abnormality of the valves involved in rheumatic heart disease is mitral regurgitation. A promising supportive diagnostic tool for rheumatic heart disease is the N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, which can identify mitral valve damage. OBJECTIVE: To prove a positive correlation between N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels and the severity of mitral regurgitation or accompanied by mild aortic valve dysfunction in children with rheumatic heart disease. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Children aged 1-18 years who had been identified as having rheumatic heart disease with a single mitral regurgitation or accompanied by mild aortic issues at Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, met the inclusion criteria for this cross-sectional study. Mitral regurgitation severity was determined using the parameters of vena contracta width, effective regurgitation orifice area, regurgitant jet area, and regurgitation volume. Bivariate analysis using the Spearman correlation test. RESULTS: From 36 research subjects, the mean age was 11.32 years. In this study, there was a moderate positive correlation between the levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and the regurgitation jet area. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels also had a moderately positive correlation with the vena contracta width and a weakly positive correlation with the regurgitation volume. Effective regurgitation orifice area and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels did not significantly correlate. CONCLUSION: There was a moderately positive correlation between N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels and the severity of mitral regurgitation on regurgitation jet area, a moderately positive correlation with the vena contracta width, and a weakly positive correlation with regurgitation volume in rheumatic heart disease patients.

Serum iron is negatively correlated with the HbA1c level in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Although mainly affected by the blood glucose levels, the level of HbA1c could be influenced by other important factors, such as an iron deficiency, which is commonly found in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, a clinical judgment could not be established, as previous studies still reported conflicting results and lack of data regarding Indonesia. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between the serum iron and HbA1c levels in children with T1DM. This single-center cross-sectional study was conducted from February to October 2020 at Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia. Patients aged 1-18 yr were included in this study. The HbA1c and serum iron levels were evaluated in the blood samples. Spearman and partial correlation analyses were used to analyze the correlations between variables. The statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Thirty-three subjects were analyzed, with a mean age of 11.24 ± 3.76 yr. Low serum iron and poor glycemic index were found in 54.5% and 69.7% of the subjects, respectively. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a low negative correlation between the serum iron and HbA1c levels (Spearman's rho = -0.376, P = 0.031). A partial correlation showed a moderate negative correlation (r = -0.473, P = 0.013) after adjusting for confounding variables. This study found a moderate negative correlation between the serum iron and HbA1c level in children and adolescents with T1DM.