Biodefense-driven murine model of pneumonic melioidosis.

A whole-body mouse model of pneumonic melioidosis was established for future evaluation of biodefense vaccine candidates. The aerosol 50% lethal doses of Burkholderia pseudomallei strain 1026b for BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice and the times to death, dissemination in organs, and tissue loads after exposure of the mice to low- and high-dose aerosols are reported. In addition, rpsL mutant backgrounds were attenuated in this acute model of disease.

Temporal beating of nondegenerate azimuthal modes in nonspherical microdroplets: technique for determining the distortion amplitude.

Oscillations that are superimposed on the smooth, exponential decay of light from microcavity modes are observed, and they are characteristic of the temporal beating of adjacent, degeneracy-split azimuthal modes in distorted spheres. The perturbation theory result for the frequency splitting of azimuthal modes in distorted spheres is used to determine the distortion amplitude from the temporal oscillations associated with mode beating. The beating period can be used to determine whether the spectrally measured resonance linewidth Deltaomega(l,n) is broadened by closely spaced, degeneracy-split azimuthal modes of slightly nonspherical droplets.

Different temporal behavior for the forward- and backward-circulating radiation within a microdroplet.

Spatially resolved nonlinear scattering of a train of picosecond pulses from ethanol microdroplets is investigated. Different time behavior is observed for light with the same and the opposite sense of circulation as the input-coupled light. The forward-circulating light exhibits a smooth, delayed pulse-to-pulse growth, attributed to increased input coupling with time induced by the laser pulses. The backward-circulating light has an irregular time behavior, attributed to near-backward stimulated Brillouin scattering. Increased scattering as a result of CO(2) (compared with He) dissolved gas is demonstrated by an intensity decrease of the spatially precessed radiation on a cavity resonance.