One-Step Solvothermal Synthesis of Ni Nanoparticle Catalysts Embedded in ZrO2 Porous Spheres to Suppress Carbon Deposition in Low-Temperature Dry Reforming of Methane.

Ni nanoparticle catalysts embedded in ZrO2 porous spheres and ZrO2 porous composite spheres, SiO2-ZrO2, MgO-ZrO2, and Y2O3-ZrO2, with 83-115 nm diameter and 167-269 m2/g specific surface area were prepared by a one-pot and one-step solvothermal reaction from precursor solutions consisting of Ni(NO3)2‧6H2O, Zr(OnBu)4, and acetylacetone in moist ethanol combined with either Si(OEt)4, magnesium acetylacetate, or Y(OiPr)3. The obtained Ni catalysts have high specific surface areas of 130-196 m2/g, even after high-temperature reduction by H2 at 450 °C for 2 h. They were utilized as catalysts for low-temperature dry reforming of methane (DRM) at 550 °C to suppress carbon deposition on Ni nanoparticles. The Ni catalysts embedded in SiO2-ZrO2 and Y2O3-ZrO2 demonstrated high catalytic activity and long stability in the reaction. Moreover, carbon deposition on Ni nanoparticles in the DRM reaction was effectively suppressed in when using the SiO2-ZrO2 and Y2O3-ZrO2 composites.