Evaluation of the community involvement of nursing experts in reducing unintentional injuries in children.

BACKGROUND: Nursing experts regularly visited the community to deliver safety education on the prevention of unintentional injuries in children to the parents of children aged 0-6 years and to pregnant women in a maternity school. This was undertaken to explore the effects of the measure on preventing unintentional injuries in children in Chizhou, China. METHODS: Using the convenience sampling method, the guardians(it means mother in this study)of children were investigated. The nursing experts visited communities in which the number of nursing experts is declining. Data on unintentional injuries in children in the previous year were collected retrospectively. RESULTS: After the nursing experts delivered safety education to the community, the scores of the questionnaire on unintentional injury prevention knowledge completed by children's guardians increased significantly (p < 0.01). Among the children whose guardians completed the questionnaire, there were 157 cases of unintentional injury in 2020 and 103 cases in 2021 (p < 0.05). The types of unintentional injuries included scratches, falls, sharp object injuries, swallowing of foreign bodies, burns and traffic accidents; there was no statistical difference (p > 0.05). However, there were significant differences in terms of gender ratio and location (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In conjunction with the maternity school for pregnant women and the vaccination programme, nursing experts delivered safety education regarding unintentional injuries in children; this may have promoted safety and protection awareness in the children's guardians and reduced unintentional injuries.

Effect of midwife intervention coupled with acupressure on the vaginal delivery rate and negative emotion in parturients with scarred uterus re-pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of midwife intervention coupled with acupressure on the vaginal delivery rate and negative emotion in parturients with scarred uterus re-pregnancy. METHODS: A total of 85 parturients with scarred uterus re-pregnancy who agreed to trial-produce vaginally after assessment were analyzed retrospectively. Parturients were divided into the research group (43 parturients) who received midwife intervention coupled with acupressure and the control group (42 parturients) who received routine nursing intervention. The delivery mode, birth process time, postpartum hemorrhage, maternal and infant outcomes, negative emotion improvement, intrapartum pain score and family care satisfaction of parturients between the two groups were compared. RESULTS: Parturients in the research group had higher spontaneous vaginal delivery rate (67.44% vs. 45.24%, P<0.05), lower rates of lateral episiotomy, puerperal infection and neonatal asphyxia (all P<0.05), compared with the control group. No difference in vaginal midwifery rate was found (P>0.05). Shorter first stage of labor and second stage of labor (both P<0.001) and less postpartum 2 h and 24 h hemorrhage were found in the research group than in the control group (both P<0.05). After intervention, parturients in the research group versus those in the control group showed lower visual analogue scale scores in the incubation period and active period and negative emotion (Hamilton anxiety (HAMA) scale, and Hamilton depression (HAMD) scale) scores (all P<0.05) and greater nursing satisfaction (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Midwife intervention coupled with acupressure can alleviate the degree of anxiety and depression in parturients with scarred uterus re-pregnancy, accelerate the progress of labor, relieve pain, increase spontaneous vaginal delivery rate, and improve maternal and infant outcomes.

In Situ Grown Single-Atom Cobalt on Polymeric Carbon Nitride with Bidentate Ligand for Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Refractory Antibiotics.

Semiconductor photocatalysis is a promising technology to tackle refractory antibiotics contamination in water. Herein, a facile in situ growth strategy is developed to implant single-atom cobalt in polymeric carbon nitride (pCN) via the bidentate ligand for efficient photocatalytic degradation of oxytetracycline (OTC). The atomic characterizations indicate that single-atom cobalt is successfully anchored on pCN by covalently forming the CoO bond and CoN bond, which will strengthen the interaction between single-atom cobalt and pCN. This single-atom cobalt can efficiently expand optical absorption, increase electron density, facilitate charge separation and transfer, and promote OTC degradation. As the optimal sample, Co(1.28%)pCN presents an outstanding apparent rate constant for OTC degradation (0.038 min-1 ) under visible light irradiation, which is about 3.7 times than that of the pristine pCN. The electron spin resonance (ESR) tests and reactive species trapping experiments demonstrate that the 1 O2 , h+ , •O2- , and •OH are responsible for OTC degradation. This work develops a new way to construct single-atom-modified pCN and provides a green and highly efficient strategy for refractory antibiotics removal.

Sustainable hydrogen production by molybdenum carbide-based efficient photocatalysts: From properties to mechanism.

Hydrogen is considered to be a promising energy carrier to solve the issue of energy crisis. Molybdenum carbide (MoxC) is the typical material, which has similar properties of Pt and thought to be an attractive alternative to noble metals for H2 evolution. The study of MoxC as alternative catalyst for H2 production is almost focused on electrocatalytic field, while the application of MoxC as a co-catalyst in photocatalytic H2 evolution has received in-depth research in recent years. Particularly, MoxC exhibits significant enhancement in the H2 production performance of semiconductors under visible light irradiation. However, a review discussing MoxC serving as a co-catalysts in the photocatalytic H2 evolution is still absent. Herein, the recent progress of MoxC on photocatalytic H2 evolution is reviewed. Firstly, the preparation methods including chemical vapor deposition, temperature programming, and organic-inorganic hybridization are detailly summarized. Then, the fundamental structure, electronic properties, and specific conductance of MoxC are illustrated to illuminate the advantages of MoxC as a co-catalyst for H2 evolution. Furthermore, the different heterojunctions formed between MoxC and other semiconductors for enhancing the photocatalytic performance are emphasized. Finally, perspectives regarding the current challenges and the future research directions on the improvement of catalytic performance of MoxC-based photocatalysts are also presented.

Electron-plasmon interaction on lithium niobate with gold nanolayer and its field distribution dependent modulation.

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) enables strong field confinement, opening thereby new avenues for device miniaturization and reducing energy consumption. Plasmonic devices with electrical tunability attract tremendous interest for various applications. Most of the current researches achieved SPR modulation with relatively large driving voltages, or by other relatively low-speed tuning approaches, such as thermo-optic, magneto-optic, acousto-optic etc. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate an efficiently electrical SPR modulation based on lithium niobate (LN) with gold nanolayer (~81 nm) via electron-plasmon interaction. Efficient intensity modulation and wavelength shift (in visible band) of ~5.7 dB/V and ~36.3 nm/V are respectively obtained with low DC current. More importantly, modulation phenomenon of field distribution dependent is also observed and experimentally unveiled. Further performance is analyzed in terms of AC modulation and polarization characteristics. This key achievement opens up opportunities for applications such as optical interconnection, electric field sensing, electrically plasmonic modulation, etc.

Interlinked add-drop filter with amplitude modulation routing a fiber-optic microring to a lithium niobate microwaveguide.

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a new electro-optically controllable add-drop filter based on light coupling between a microfiber knot ring (MKR) and a lithium niobate (LN) microwaveguide. In our design, the MKR works as a resonator and routes the resonant light into the LN microwaveguide. The LN microwaveguide, as an excellent intermediary between electronics and optics, is a robust platform that not only enables stable support and manipulation of the MKR but also provides amplitude tunability taking advantage of its electro-optic property. Two add-drop filters with different diameters of the MKR, 1.12 mm, and 560 µm respectively, are studied, and a maximum amplitude tunability of ∼0.139 dB/V is obtained. The results show that this design can be a solution to interconnect a microstructured optical fiber with a microstructured on-chip device and provide an effective method to realize the active on-chip integration of the conventional fiber system.

Electro-optic beam deflection based on a lithium niobate waveguide with microstructured serrated electrodes.

We report on electro-optic beam deflection using an annealed proton exchange waveguide in lithium niobate (LN) with microstructured serrated array electrodes. Due to the electro-optic effect of the LN material, the experimental results show that the beam deflection and modulation of the LN waveguide can be realized with relatively low voltages. The total length of the serrated prism array electrodes structure is ∼5 mm. With 20 V applied to the electrodes of 50, 100, and 150 µm wide waveguides, ∼1.28, ∼0.96, and ∼0.64 µm beam deflections were obtained, respectively, which are in accordance with theoretical simulation. This configuration can be potentially applied in optical beam scanning, high-speed switches, and optical beam smoothing technology.

Tricalysiosides P-U: Ent-kaurane glucosides and a labdane glucoside from leaves of Tricalysia dubia OHWI.

Further extensive isolation work on the 1-BuOH-soluble fraction of a MeOH extract of Tricalysia dubia afforded five new ent-kaurane glucosides (4-8) and one new labdane glucoside (9), together with a known megastigmane glucoside, sammangaoside B (1), and monoterpene glucosides (2, 3). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by analyses of one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of the 9-position of sammangaoside B was revised to S and its total stereochemistry was established by the modified Mosher's method.

Tricalysiosides H-O: Ent-kaurane glucosides from the leaves of Tricalysia dubia.

Eight ent-kaurane glucosides, named tricalysiosides H-O, were isolated from Tricalysia dubia. Tricalysioside H possessed a hydroxyl group at the 1-position, to which the glucose moiety was attached. The structure was first elucidated by means of spectroscopic data analysis and finally confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Since acid hydrolysis of 1 gave D-glucose, the aglycone was proved to have an enantio-kaurane type skeleton. The structures of tricalysiosides I-O were mainly elucidated from analysis of spectroscopic evidence.

Tricalysiosides A-G: rearranged ent-kauranoid glycosides from the leaves of Tricalysia dubia.

Seven rearranged ent-kaurane glycosides, named tricalysiosides A-G (1-7), were isolated from the leaves of Tricalysia dubia collected on Okinawa Island. Their C-18 and 19 methyls were found to have rearranged to form an alpha,beta-unsaturated gamma-lactone ring, with other functional groups remotely located only on C-15, -16, and -17 of the five-membered ring. Information available from various kinds of two-dimensional NMR spectra was limited and insufficient to allow total characterization of the structures. Finally, using X-ray crystallographic analysis, the structure of tricalysioside A (1) was determined to be 4-nor-18-homo-ent-kauran-4(18)-en-15beta,16beta,17-triol-3beta,19-olide 16-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1). On the basis of the crystal structure of 1, the structures of the other tricalysiosides (2-7) were also established.