All-day uninterrupted thermoelectric generator by simultaneous harvesting of solar heating and radiative cooling.

Passive power generation has recently stimulated interest in thermoelectric generators (TEGs) using the radiative cooling mechanism. However, the limited and unstable temperature difference across the TEGs significantly degrades the output performance. In this study, an ultra-broadband solar absorber with a planar film structure is introduced as the hot side of the TEG to increase the temperature difference by utilizing solar heating. This device not only enhances the generation of electrical power but also realizes all-day uninterrupted electrical output due to the stable temperature difference between the cold and hot sides of the TEG. Outdoor experiments show the self-powered TEG obtains maximum temperature differences of 12.67 °C, 1.06 °C, and 5.08 °C during sunny daytime, clear nighttime, and cloudy daytime, respectively, and generates output voltages of 166.2 mV, 14.7 mV, and 95 mV, respectively. Simultaneously, the corresponding output powers of 879.25 mW/m2, 3.85 mW/m2, and 287.27 mW/m2 are produced, achieving 24-hour uninterrupted passive power generation. These findings propose a novel strategy to combine solar heating and outer space cooling by a selective absorber/emitter to generate all-day continuous electricity for unsupervised small devices.

The role of low molecular weight heparin on recurrent pregnancy loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

To assess the roles of the low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). The relevant studies of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were retrieved, and the systematic evaluation was conducted. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases were searched by using keywords, including low-molecular-weight heparin or LMWH, and recurrent miscarriage or recurrent pregnancy loss in pregnant women from their earliest data to February 2020. Two investigators independently evaluated eligibility. Risk ratios (RRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined. To pool the results, this meta-analysis was performed using random-effect model due to the high heterogeneity among these eight studies. A total of eight RCTs involving 1854 participants were included in the meta-analysis involving 963 patients with RPL who were prescribed LMWH (enoxaparin, tinzaparin, or dalteparin) alone and 891 patients who were treated with no LMWH interventions (placebo, folic acid or non-treatment) were compared. Pooled data from the remaining eight RCTs showed the differences between intervention groups and control groups. Compared with control groups, LMWH had significantly improved live births (RR,1.19; 95%CI, 1.03 to 1.38; P = 0.02), and reduced miscarriage rates (RR, 0.62; 95%CI, 0.43 to 0.91; P = 0.01). The study suggested that LMWH could improve the live births and reduce the miscarriage rates of RPL. Therefore, LMWH might be a good treatment choice for women with unexplained PRL.

Subchronic toxicity and hepatocyte apoptosis of dietary olaquindox in common carp (Cyprinus carpio).

Olaquindox as one of the effective antimicrobial agents and growth-promoting feed additives, had been widely used in animal and fish production. However, few studies have been done to unveil its possible toxic effect and tissue injury on aquatic animal. In this study, the toxic effect and underlying mechanisms of olaquindox toxicity were investigated in common carp when feed with different doses of olaquindox for 90 days. The morbidity and mortality, pathological changes, hematology parameters, residue concentration in the tissues of common carp were assessed, hepatocyte apoptosis was detected through ultrastructural observation and flow cytometry methods. The results showed that the morbidity and mortality increased with the increasing dosages of dietary olaquindox, subchronic exposure to olaquindox caused remarkably pathological changes, including congestion and bleeding, intramuscular edema, vacuolar degeneration, degeneration and deformation in renal tubules architecture, respiratory epithelium fusion and intestinal epithelial microvilli disintegration. Besides, dietary olaquindox led to significant changes in blood biochemical parameters including red blood cell, hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, an elevated residue concentration of olaquindox was detected in liver and kidney after exposure, hepatocyte apoptosis and necrosis were observed. Moreover, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) mRNA level in liver was higher than normal level with the dose below 25 mg/kg olaquindox and was lower than normal level with the dose above 50 mg/kg. Our results demonstrated that dietary olaquindox may pose subchronic toxicity and residue in fish organs and provided scientific data for the safe application of olaquindox in fish.