Solid variant of keratocystic odontogenic tumor with ameloblastomatous transformation: a case report and review of the literature.

The solid variant of keratocystic odontogenic tumor is an extremely rare tumor. Its clinical and pathologic features remain poorly defined, even in the 2005 World Health Organization odontogenic tumor classification. We report an unusual lesion in a 38-year-old female Chinese patient. The lesion demonstrated the solid or multiple cystic architecture of a keratocystic odontogenic tumor, but also exhibited ameloblastomalike lining epithelium in some areas. The complex histopathology made a pathologic diagnosis difficult. Finally, the lesion was diagnosed as solid variant of keratocystic odontogenic tumor with ameloblastomatous transformation. We present the clinical and pathologic details of the case, and review the relevant literature.

[Tumors of different histological type in unilateral salivary glands: a case report].

Tumors of synchronous benign and malignant in unilateral salivary glands have rarely been reported. A case of 21-year-old girl who was diagnosed as synchronously adenoid cystic carcinoma of the left parotid and pleomorphic adenoma of the left submandibular gland. The classification, clinic pathology, diagnosis, possible mechanism were discussed based on similar literatures.

[Function of P63 on the development of salivary glands].

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of P63 in human salivary gland development and the existing of salivary gland stem cells. METHODS: 24 embryonic salivary gland samples in different stage, 10 normal salivary gland samples were collected. HE-stained and immunochemistry stain were used. RESULTS: It could be seen on the HE-stained sections that the epithelial buds proliferated to form the epithelial branches and duct systems, finally the terminal cells differentiated into ductal, myoepithelial and acinous. During the development of salivary gland, the expression of P63 was gradually reduced. In normal adult salivary gland samples, the positive cell interspersed in the basal layer of intercalated duct, secretory duct and excretory duct. CONCLUSION: P63 plays an important role in human salivary gland development. The result of our experiment shows the distributive characteristic of salivary gland stem cells, which exist abroad in bud stage, but decrease and only exist in the basal layer of ducts in normal adult salivary gland.

[Effect of focal adhesion kinase on biological characteristics of Tca8113 tongue squamous cell carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of FAK on biological characteristics of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell Tca8113. METHODS: Lipofect was used to transfect FAK into Tca8113 cell lines. The difference in expression of FAK between the transfected and non-transfected cell lines was detected by immunofluorescence assay. Then by use of transwell room and wash way, the difference in invasion and adhesion ability between the transfected and non-transfected cell lines was tested. MTT method was adopted in finding the change of proliferation. RESULTS: RT-PCR analysis showed that the FAK gene was downregulated by Tca8113 cells. FAK expression was significantly down regulated by the transfection of FAK ASODN (P<0.05). Antisense FAK ODN significantly inhibited proliferation, adhesion and the invasion of Tca8113 cells. CONCLUSION: FAK plays an important role on biological characteristics of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell Tca8113.

[Expression of deltaNp63 in salivary gland tumours].

OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression of deltaNp63 in human salivary gland tumor and analyze its role in the malignant salivary gland tumors. METHODS: Collecting the samples from 68 cases of pathologically proven salivary gland tumours and investigating the microscopic sections with HE stain and immunohistochemical-SP stain. RESULTS: It was found that the expression of deltaNp63 is gradually increased in the malignant tumours, the myoepithelial cells and the basal cells of the salivary gland tumors are positive, and the expression of deltaNp63 is correlated directly with benign and malignant tumor. CONCLUSION: deltaNp63 plays an important role in salivary gland tumours. deltaNp63 possesses some special activity that is characteristic of oncogene. p63 is a sensitive and highly specific marker of myoepithelial cells in salivary gland tumours and an additional marker for defining myoepithelial histogenesis. p63 is of definite clinical value in falicitating diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

[Expression and clinical significance of focal adhesion kinase in oral squamous cell carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between expression levels of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and clinical prognosis with pathologic parameters. METHODS: Eighty paraffin embedded tissue specimens of OSCC were studied by immunohistochemistry. The data was analyzed by SPSS statistical software. RESULTS: FAK was highly expressed in OSCC tissues, in contrast to none or a low expression in normal oral epithelial tissue, and the heterogeneous staining was mainly located in the cell membrane and cytoplasm. FAK overexpression significantly correlated with histological differentiation and TNM stage, lymphatic metastasis. Multivariate analysis revealed that overexpression of FAK was the independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSION: The overexpression of FAK in the peripheral area of OSCC may serve as a useful biological factor affecting prognosis.

[Clinicopathological study of Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor in oral and maxillofacial region].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathological features and diagnostic criteria of Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (Ewing's sarcoma/PNET) in oral and maxillofacial region. METHODS: There were 15 patients with Ewing's sarcoma/PNET in the last 35 years at our hospital, aged 1-49 years and mean 14.5 years. The most common manifestation was swelling of the affected region. The cases were analyzed and histological and immunohistochemical studies were also conducted to examine CD99 (12E7), Vimentin, NSE, S-100, Syn, CD45 (LCA), desmin. RESULTS: (1) The most common histological pattern of Ewing's sarcoma/PNET was a lobular arrangement of uniform, small, hyperchromatic cells in a fibrous background. Some of these tumors were rich in cytoplasmic glycogen. (2) Of the 7 cases, IHC was positive for CD99 (12E7) and Vimentin and negative for lymphoid (CD45), muscle (desmin) markers. S-100 was positive in 4 cases and NSE negative in 3, Syn positive in 1. NSE, S-100, Syn were all negative in 2 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Ewing's sarcoma/PNET is more common in teenagers and young people. Immunohistochemistry is essential to distinguish Ewing's sarcoma/PNET from other small round cell tumors. Immunohistochemistry is useful in the diagnosis.

[A retrospective study on 615 cases of minor salivary gland tumors].

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the clinical and pathological characteristics of minor salivary gland tumors. METHODS: A retrospective analysis on 615 cases of intraoral minor salivary gland tumors from 1990-2002 with a confirmed pathologic diagnosis was carried out. RESULTS: In 615 cases of minor salivary gland tumors, 265 cases were benign, 350 cases malignant. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most common entity and accounted for 81.1% of all benign tumors. Adenoid cystic carcinoma comprised 32.9% of the malignant sample and was the most frequent malignant tumor. The principal location was the palate. Female was a little more of the benign and a male prevalence was observed on the malignant tumor. The mean age of patients with benign and malignant tumors were 40.9 and 49.1 years old, respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: We consider extraordinary manifestation as histopathology, tumor, primary location, age and sex, presenting the results of a review of our experience with those minor salivary gland tumors.

[The correlation between neck lymphy node metastasis and matrixmetalloproteinase-2 expression at the invasive tumor front of oral squamous cell carcinomas].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between neck lymph node metastasis and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression at the invasive tumor front of oral squamous cell carcinomas(OSCC). METHODS: Immunohistochemistry LsAB technique was used to observe the expression of MMP-2 at the invasive tumor front and center of OSCC, and the correlation between the expression of MMP-2 in OSCC and neck lymph node metastasis were respectively analyzed by statistics. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that MMP-2 existed in all 71 cases, which the expression of MMP-2 at the OSCC front was more significant than that of MMP-2 at the OSCC center (P < 0.01), and related to neck lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The expression of MMP-2 at the OSCC front could be considered as an index of judging the present of neck lymph node metastasis of OSCC.

[Infection of human papillomavirus in oral benign epithelial proliferation in children].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the presence of HPV infection of oral mucosa proliferative lesions in children and determine the associations of HPV types with oral mucosa lesions in children. METHODS: Immunohistochemical method and in situ hybridization techniques were applied to detect human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in biopsies taken from clinical lesions in oral mucosa of 30 children. RESULTS: The most frequent lesions detected were SCP (66.7%), followed by CA and FEH. The HPV viral antigen was present in 73.3% (22/30) of the oral benign epithelial proliferative lesions in children. A high frequency HPV was found in CA (6/6) and SCP (15/20) by means of IHC. In the ISH positive case, high risk HPV 16/18 was observed in 77.3% (17/22). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a high prevalence of HPV infection in children's oral mucosa proliferative lesions, and high-risk HPV16/18 are predominant in children's oral mucosa proliferative lesions.

[Comparative study on effects of sodium hyaluronate and prednisolone injections on experimental temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis of rabbits].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the treatment effect of sodium hyaluronate (HA) on experimental temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis of rabbits in comparison with prednisolone (PS). METHODS: The upper compartments of both TMJs of 12 Japanese White Ear Rabbits were injected with 0.2 ml of 1.6% papain, 3 days after the right TMJs were injected again with same amount of papain to induce osteoarthritis with different severity levels. Except 1 rabbit was died accidentally. After one week from final injection of papain, the upper compartments of both TMJs of 6 rabbits were injected with HA 1.3 mg, 5 rabbits with PS 1.6 mg weekly for 4 times. At 3, 5 and 7 weeks after the final injection, the rabbits were sacrificed and the TMJs were pathologically examined. RESULTS: The TMJs receiving PS showed predominant structural disorganization, and the right TMJs had much severe pathology. The manifestations were fibrillation, thinner or flaking of the articular cartilage of the temporal part of the joint, and the articular surface was covered with fibrous tissue. Whereas the TMJs receiving HA injections demonstrated limited changes of cartilage, less fibrillation, only local loss of cartilage on outside layer of the surface. In vicinity of the defect area, cluster of the chondrocytes appeared. Pathological scores of the TMJs receiving HA were significantly less than those of the TMJs revieving PS. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that hyaluronate have effect of cartilaginous reparation and protection for the osteoarthritis of rabbit. While prednisolone has no help or worsened for articular cartilage reparation.