RESUMO
Retrospective maternal report of fetal activity level was compared with developmental diagnosis in 608 consecutively referred children. Maternal history of fetal activity level was also obtained from 140 unmatched well children in a general pediatric clinic. Fetal hyperactivity was positively associated with a diagnosis of child hyperactivity, and fetal hypoactivity was positively associated with a diagnosis of mental retardation in the children. Maternal histories of fetal activity level in the control group weakened the strength of the association between fetal hyperactivity and child hyperactivity but did not affect the association between fetal hypoactivity and mental retardation in children.
Assuntos
Feto/fisiologia , Hipercinese/genética , Hipocinesia/genética , Deficiência Intelectual/genética , Índice de Apgar , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Feto/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Masculino , GravidezRESUMO
Independent provider programs may work well for those who are willing and able to find, screen, and dismiss their own providers, but agency-directed care must be an option for those who will not or cannot oversee every step of their own care.
Assuntos
Serviços Contratados , Pessoas com Deficiência , Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar/organização & administração , Análise Custo-Benefício , Humanos , Modelos de Enfermagem , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Neurodevelopmental markers that are present early in childhood may identify children at risk for later developmental disabilities. This paper attempts to clarify the relationship between one such proposed marker, toe walking, and language development in a general pediatric population. One hundred sixty-three children being seen for well-child visits were included in the study. Information from each child's caretaker was obtained for language development and a history of toe walking; observation of toe walking during the visit was also included. The frequency of toe walking was 24%. Language quotients were calculated and compared for toe walkers (n = 39) and non-toe walkers (n = 127). The mean language quotient for toe walkers tended to be consistently lower than that for non-toe walkers. The specificity of toe walking for low language scores was 85% but had a sensitivity of only 32%. Although an association between toe walking and language delay is supported by the present data, the association does not appear to be clinically significant.
